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Mat

1. del filh.

2. fraires, a plural object. Note in Jam 5:10 the plural subject Frairi written in full. The vertical surmounted inverted question mark sign over the -r- or fr- can represent in NTL more than the letters given in A. Cappelli’s list of Latin and Italian resolutions (1928, p. XXIV), namely “r, re, ra, ar, a” to which NTL er can be added, as in ueritat; note that Cappelli’s sign lies flat rather than running diagonally from top to bottom. NTL’s sign over -r- extends beyond Cappelli’s list; cf. NTL Joh 4:20 nri for nostri (Cappelli 1928, p. 241b nri), Joh 6:49 ure for vostre, Joh 6:59 uri for vostri, Joh 13:14 ures for vostres, Joh 3:11, 6:31, 49 nre for nostre’, and Joh 7:51, 10:24 nra for nostra. See also in Cappelli 1928, p. 144a, -tr- in fratres with the flat sign over the -r- of fres. Cappelli 1928, p. 153b, shows a diagonal sign on the -r- of gra for Latin gratia and Italian grazia similar to NTL Joh 1:14 gra with the sign over -r- for gracia(s). Wendelin Foerster’s resolution of fre with the sign over -r- as fraire in his edition of the Gospel of John (Foerster, 1878) is quite acceptable in spite of his correction of Joh 7:3 frare as fra[i]re; note in NTL Act 15:3 and 2 Co 11:26 frare written in full. Whereas NTZ has only frayre, NTP has both frayre and fraire as does NTC except for one instance of Rom 12:1 frares.

3. fraires, abbreviated as fres with surmounted inverted question mark over -r- for -air- for fraires, a mistake for the name Phares.

4. anrnadab. Aminadab.

5. eng with a surmounted u-shaped wavy line over -g found here and some twenty times again into v. 16 for the translation of Vg. P3 pret. genuit ‘engendered’ is expanded as engendrec, the form found eight times previously; cf. also Act 7:8 engendrec and the alternate spelling Jam 1:18, 1 Jo 5:1 engenrec. Despite the fact that a surmounted u-shaped wavy line normally indicates [a], often with other letters implied, the resolution as present tense engenra ‘engenders’ is rejected since a shift from past tense engen(d)rec to present tense engenra seems unlikely. Support for the resolution of eng + a surmounted by a u-shaped wavy line is found in Cappelli (1928), p. XXIV, no. IV a surmounted u-shaped wavy line = r, re, ra, ar, a; cf. -re in facere abbreviated as face with a surmounted u-shaped wavy line over -ce (beginning of 13th c.).

6. taba.

7. Cf. Vg. “Obed ex Ruth”.

8. rg, abbreviation occurring only here and in v. 1:6 expanded as reig because reg, the more prevalent spelling with -g, is not found in Matthew; cf. written in full Mat 2:1 reig, 2.2 reigs, and Joh 4:46 reigz in which -ig notes the same unvoiced affricate as the simple -g of Mar 6:25 reg, 26 regs. Wunderli r[e]g, here and 1:6. Of course, the usual NTL rei(s) greatly outnumbers the less common forms with -(i)g. The inherited intervocalic voiced affricate in the root of such words as regeime, -eme, -esme, -isme ‘kingdom’, and regina (variant reïna) ‘the king’s consort’ has brought about the ultracorrection of rei as re(i)g. TdF, s.v. rèi, registers modern rèig in Ariège. There can be no doubt as to the pronunciation of -(i)g in Catalan Reig which survives today as a family and a place name, q.v. DCVB reig [réʧ]. A similar ultracorrection is seen in lei > le(i)g; see the note for Mat 5:17 leig.

9. Wunderli a quela.

10. titulus for -n is barely visible in Clédat.

11. azechias

12. enzi.

13. desos sai/ro.

14. A jump from babilonis (babilonia) to babilonis (babilonia); cf BnF, lat. 343 “et post transmigratio/nem babilonis” BnF, lat. 342, “Et post transmigratio”.

15. missing [Eliachim. Eliachim engendrec] is explained by a jump from the verb in “Abiud engendrec” to the same in “engendrec Azor”; cf. Vg. “Zorobabel autem genuit Abiud Abiud autem genuit Eliachim Eliachim autem genuit Azor”.

16. -ar first written as -or, then corrected.

17. A jump from Davit to Davit requires the reconstruction [so .xiiii. jeneratios, e de Davit]; cf. Mat. 1:18 jeneratios and BnF, lat. 343 (4b11-17) “generationes .xiiii. Et a david”, followed by “usque ad transmigrati/onem babilonis. genera/tiones .xiiii. Et a trans/migrationes babilonis usque ad Xristum. generationes .xiiii.” with Crist instead of NTL Jesu.

18. Note the Douay Vg. Christi instead of Jesu. The name is obscured in both BnF, lat 342 and 343.

19. ara, instead of era for Lat. erat.

20. primer engenrat, calqued on Lat. primogenitum ‘first born’.

21. pren/ueires, for preveires ‘the chief priests’.

22. naisseria, with -e- correcting an original pointed i.

23. Vg. diligenter ‘diligently, assiduously’, translated as amorossament here and in Mat 2:8, Luk 1:3, 15:8, Act 18:25, 1 Th 5:2, seems to be due to a faulty association of that adverb with the Lat. inf. diligere ‘to love, esteem, prize’. Such also would explain 1 Ti 3:5 amistat for Vg. diligentia ‘care’. Vg. sollicite ‘insistently, earnestly’ is also badly translated as Luk 7:4 amorosament. Note that NTP has Luk 1:3 amorosament (diligenter) and Act 18:25 amorozament (diligenter), 18:26 plus amorozament (diligentius), 22:30 plus amorozament (diligentius). Because Vg. diligenter is correctly rendered in NTC Act 16:23 as curiosament ‘diligently’, it could be that amorosament was considered to be synonymous with curiosament. Note NTL Act 5:23 “cum omni diligentia” rendered as “ab tota cura”, Act 18:26 “et diligentius” as “e curiosament”, Act 22:30 diligentius as ‘plus curiosament’, and both Jam 1:12 and 2:5 as “diligentibus se” as “als amantz si”.

24. See the note for Mat 2:7 amorossament.

25. recumtatz; cf. for cum Luk 1:1 recum/tament.

26. torrenesso, for tornesso.

27. elamare, with mare written in full instead of customary maire in Matthew and elsewhere in NTL. The spelling mare occurs another five times in Matthew (2:21, 10:35, 12:46, 13:55, 15:4) but nowhere else in NTL.

28. Wunderli teu, although the ms. clearly reads ten.

29. per lui a destrozir lui.

30. elamare, with a superscribed -i- over the -a- of mare; cf. mare in Mat 2:13, 2:21, 10:35, 12:46, 13:55, 15:4.

31. Vg. Rama ‘height’, hence Aut ‘high’, proof of the translator’s recourse to a gloss.

32. udolulament, for udolament. Ms. reading kept by Wunderli.

33. pren, for required preterite. Wunderli retains pren.

34. dot under l in le/fant is surely an ink blot.

35. uec, for venc. Wunderli vec.

36. cuitat, with pointed -i-.

37. root apelh-, not in PD, s.v. apelar, occurs four more times in NTL (Mat 4:18, 10:2; Luk 7:19, 9:1).

38. Wunderli Joans (and elsewhere).

39. apropiar(a)sa: tmetic future of se apropiara; Vg. perf. adpropinquavit; fut. in BnF, lat. 342 appropinquabit (2a23), BnF, lat.343 apropinquabit (5c22).

40. et el/ Joan, with loss of mezeis after el at the end of the line; cf. Vg. “ipse autem Iohannes”, BnF, 343 (5d2) and 342 (2a28) “Ipse autem Iohannes”, and NTC “Mas el meseyme Iohan”. Wunderli “Et el Joan”.

41. see also lagostas in Mar 1:6, Apo 9:3, 9:7; in PD as langosta ‘langouste’.

42. dela avenadoira ira, the conditional more vivid future perfect tense, as seen in avenadoira, is frequent in NTL; see “quis demonstravit vobis fugere a futura ira” ‘who hath shewed you to flee from the wrath to come?’.

43. Also in Mat 3:10, 12:33. The -ic of fruic, if not pronounced [jk] or simple [k], may have the value of c cedilla [ts] of fruiç in two poems in a manuscript in Wolfenbüttel, Germany (Brunel 9, Bibl. du duc Auguste, Extravagantes 268 written in 1254 in Italy); cf. COM2 PRW2 257 1959-1960 “... et dels pecaç per fruiç de penedença/ mi don talen et cors et ferm voler ...”; see Luk 7:24 P5 issiç for issitz. Otherwise, the -ui- of fruic may reflect an analogical hybridization of fruc (see Mar 4:19) and fruit (see Mat 7:16).

44. podos, with a missing sign for -er- over the second o for poderos.

45. suseitar, for suscitar ‘to raise up’.

46. destals, for destrals ‘hache’. Cf. NTC destral. Wunderli destals.

47. aga, for aiga. Wunderli retains aga “forme … exceptionnelle dans notre texte” (vol. 2, p. 111).

48. destenhable, calqued on Lat. inextinguibilis ‘inextinguishable’.

49. P2 ves < vens < VENIS ‘(thou) comest’; see note for Luk 13:35 ve.

50. essa ora eissihic, with uncancelled -ih- for eissic. As regards essa ora, understand ‘in that very hour’; see Mat 8:3, Mar 1:10, 12, 18, 20 which have the same meaning. See in the “Evangile de Saint Jean”, located at 11:37 d’eissa ora ‘aussitôt’, in Karl Bartsch, 1904.

51. apropiantz. PD, s.v. apropiar, apropriar ‘s’approcher’, is treated in NTL without a second -r-. For that choice, see the note at Mat 25:15 for propia.

52. astas, with the interlinear sign between -as- for que, missing. Wunderli astas, and see his note (t. 2, p. 57), where he relates the two examples of a form astas (here and in Joh 1:50) to a “forme hybride sur la base de estas”. He has found no other examples anywhere else in the literature, and none have been found in COM. There does not seem to be any development in Romance on the basis of a form giving accu iste/ille.

53. respon/detz, with the straight line for -n- over the second -e-.

54. lo lo; cf. NTZ “Adonca lo diavol pres luy e lo porte”, NTC “Adonca lo diavol pres lui”.

55. e las; cf. NTC “en las mans”. Wunderli “elas mas”.

56. ofentas, for ofendas. Wunderli ofentas.

57. uentz, with an unwanted straight line for -n- over -e-.

58. laissada, with a cancelled -e- for -a-, added interlinearly.

59. gentz, with capital G-, and other spellings beginning with Gen-, refers in this rendition of NTL to “Gentiles”, i.e. unbelievers, pagans.

60. dot under -a is an ink blot.

61. anatz, with missing -n- over -a-. Wunderli anatz.

62. dels, mistaken for sg. del.

63. lagor, with missing -n- for langor.

64. los malauentz; Nüesch’s NTC “li mal avent” here and in Mar 1:32 is based on Vulgate “male habentes” and supported by NTC Luk 7:2 “avent mal”; cf. however the NTL copyist’s Mar 1:32 malauens.

65. turmentz with -ur- in full here and in Act 22:5, 24; Apo 18:7, 15 are few compared to twenty-five cases of abbreviated -ur-; cf. only three forms with -or- in full (Act 13:13; Rom 1:24; 1 Ti 6:5).

66. eles, with cancelled -e- between -l- and -s.

67. palalizi; cf. Luk 5:18 palalizi ‘paralysis’.

68. Uezetz.

69. lo<re>gns, with interlinear -re- written above -og- and a straight line for -e- above -n-.

70. terera, mistaken for tenran; NTC “ilh possessiren (NTZ possesiren) la terra”.

71. encausz, in which sz can have the values [ts] and [s], as in Mat 14:18 Aportasz los a mi sza, as well as [z,] as in Mat 25:16 gaszanhec. Six forms of the Latin noun persecutio ‘persecution’ are translated as sg. encausz (Mat 5:10, 13:21; Act 8:1, 13:50; 1 Co 4:12, 2 Th 3:12), and one as pl. encauses (2 Th 1:4). Levy would have done well in PD, s.m. poursuite, to add also stronger ‘persécution’ since he gives for encausador ‘persécuteur’as well as ‘poursuivant’, but only ‘poursuite’ for encausamen. Add to his active verb encausar ‘poursuivre’ also ‘persécuter’. In NTL encaus(z) overwhelmingly means ‘persecution’. See Luk 6:28 encausadors translating Lat. calumniantibus from calumnior (-ari), meaning ‘calumniate; oppress, accuse falsely, slander’, which can be viewed as ‘persecution’.

72. propheta, missing final pl. -s.

73. englorifico, for e glorifico, consistent with the readings in the Carpentras and Zurich versions, supported by the Vulgate “e glorificent”.

74. leig and Mat 7:12 subj. leigz ‘law’ occur only in Matthew with the one exception of Joh 12:34 leig; the spelling -ig is equivalent to -g in leg(s), the prevalent spelling elsewhere. As explained in the note for the unvoiced affricate -g in Mat 1:6 reig, the change lei > le(i)g came by ultracorrection from the adoption of the root leg- in legal terms such as adj. legitime (SAV, 1829) and legisme (LAB 1798) ‘legitimate’; and legista (CCA, str. 133 l. 8) ‘one learned in the law’.

75. madamentz, with missing straight line over the first -a- for -n-.

76. enpcolpatz, with -p- cancelled.

77. A partially erased and unreadable word following ladoncs.

78. ueira, with -i- added interlinearly.

79. prene autra, for pren, e avoutra; cf. Mat 19:9.

80. que escaunels es dels pes de lui; cf. Vg. “quia scabillum est pedum eius. escaunel” ‘footstool’ would be a diminutive of PD, escanh, escaun ‘banc; escabeau; étagère’.

81. contendre; for con-, see the related noun Jam 3:14 contensso with co- in full.

82. dEmansz, P2 present subjunctive of demandar used in a negative command; cf. Luk 6:30 “no las demantz”.

83. encauzador; an awkward long -s added by a later hand?

84. enoiustz, with no-iustz calqued on Lat. iniustos ‘the unjust’.

85. naure, for n’auretz.

86. certanamet, for certanamen, with expuncted final t.

87. PD lists only carriera ‘rue, voie; quartier d’une ville’. KJV translates forms of Vg. vicus as ‘street(s), lanes, town(s), villages’. NTL translates forms of Lat. vicus six times as careira, -s (Mat 6:2, 36, 56; Mar 8:23, 26; Luk 14:21), once as carreira, where it is curiously rendered doubly as una carreira o borg (Act 12:10), once as borc (Act 9:11), and twice as vilas (Mar 1:38, 6:36).

88. uerament, largely covered by an ink blot.

89. mont, meaning ‘much’, Wunderli mout; cf. PD, molt, mon, mot ‘beaucoup de; maint’, but not mont.

90. exauzit, Lat. exaudiantur ‘they may be heard’, not found in PD.

91. scificatz with a supercribed line over -ci-. The spelling sanct- is never found in NTL. The abbreviations sci-, sca-, sce- with a superscribed straight line over the vowel alone or extending also over the -c- are taken to be latinizing abbreviations containing the vernacular root sant- in words such as santificatz (Mat 6:9), santificatio (Heb 12:10), santitat (Luk 1:75) santetat (1 Th 3:13). It is on the basis of santa (Jud 1:20) and fully written santas (Act 19:37) that the -c- in sca (Mat 27:53) and scas (Act 13:34) is dropped. The absence of -c- in preconsonantal sg. m. adj. sant (Act 6:13, 13:35, 21:28) invites the resolution of sci as pl. santi (Rom 8:28, 1 Co 6:2, Col 3:12) even though no fully written santi appears in NTL. The most common abbreviation for translated Lat. sanctus is .S. surmounted by a superscribed straight line. The resolution as sanh in frequently occurring Sanh Esperit and Esperit Sanh is based on prevocalic plural sanhs written in full in sanhs apostols (Eph 3:5); cf. also sg. sanh written in full in preconsonantal sanh baizar (1 Th 5:26).

92. pa qui es sobre tota causa; cf. BnF, lat 343 “Panem nostrem supersubstantialem” (9a19), but NTC “lo nostre pan cotidian”, NTZ “lo nostre pan cottidian”.

93. Both NTC and NTZ add Amen.

94. gazerdor, without -r for gazerdo ‘reward’.

95. roziss, for rozils as in 6:20 rozils.

96. etarn/as, et arnas with an interlinear sign for -r- between a- and -n-.

97. degaste, for pl. 6 pr. ind. degastar, which can be degastan (-on, -en) where we have the NTL usual loss of -n-.

98. rarnas, with a cancelled initial r-.

99. Lunlhs, with unwanted -l-.

100. aver. Wunderli reads aur, against Vg. mammonae. Cf. NTC riqueças.

101. auzel + a surmounted stray dot after l.

102. semennan.

103. cossiratz, with missing straight line for -n—over -a-.

104. cap, with missing curved line for -m- over -a-.

105. fillan, PD gives only filar, with single -l-.

106. cap, with missing curved line for -m- over -a-.

107. Omission: reconstructed [que beurem], lost due to a jump from -em in manjerem, to the same in beurem; cf. BnF, lat 342 (5a1) “... quit bibemus aut quo operiemus”, 343 (9d17-18) “... quid bibemus. aut quo hoperiemur”. NTL “que vestrem?” assumes, instead of quo, the reading quid cited in the Stuttgart Vulgate (Weber 1979) apparatus in the Codex Cavensis (9th c. Spain) among other codices. Note “¿Qué comeremos, o qué beberemos, o qué vestiremos?” in the Spanish Reina-Valera 1960 and 1995 Spanish translations.

108. sera, with missing straight line over -a- for -n-

109. Although PD, s.v. abondar, gives no meaning resembling Lat. sufficere ‘to be sufficient, enough, adequate’, one finds s.v. adj. abondos, avondos, with the meanings ‘suffisant; satisfait’, and s.v. abondansa ‘suffisance; satisfaction’. NTL has 16 instances in 15 verses of forms of sufficere and deverbal derivatives and all are translated with forms of avondar, aondar or derivatives (avonda, avondo, avondaria, avonde, avondantz; aonda, aondant, aondansa, avondansa). Waldensian NTC prefers forms of bastar (once Php 4:11 abastant) ‘to suffice’ and derivatives (2 Co 3:5, 1 Ti 6:6 abastança).

110. ela, with cancelled -la.

111. poix, with pointed i where -r- is needed.

112. Empeietz, with missing -nh- between -i- and second -e-.

113. empeihentz.

114. demandava, but cf. opening clause.

115. add. O … escorpio; not in Vg. or NTC, but in BnF, lat 342 (5b4-5): “Aut si pecierit ouum. numquit porriget ei scorpionem?”, 343: “Aut si petierit ouum. numquid porriget illi scorpionem?” (10b5-6); cf. Luk 11:12: “aut si petierit ovum numquid porriget illi scorpionem”.

116. mali, with masc. pl. -i; see Anglade (1921, p. 229) treatment of this verb and others in NTL with - i, where he lists, in addition to mali, also soli, toti, eli, aqueli, aquesti, maduri, in Leys d’Amors (version A) (Gatien-Arnoult 1842, II, 204).

117. ade/ls quilsi demandam; Vg. “petentibus se” ‘to those asking of him’ requires pl. -n; cf. syntax in NTC: “als querentz a si”, but without prep. a in NTC Luk 11:13 “a li demandant si”.

118. Vg. “in vestimentis ovium”: fedas with the ms. Wunderli reads sedas, and speaks of a semantic extension of ‘soie du porc’, ‘crin du cheval’ (cf. PD), which he admits to being clumsy. This is clearly fedas; cf. NTC feas.

119. dintz. Wunderli reads “dreitz”, whilst noting Vg. intrinsecus. Cf. NTC dedinç.

120. Wunderli omits the question mark.

121. uengro with r indicated by superscribed o; cf. Mat 2:1 vengro in full.

122. fum, for flum (PD ‘fleuve’); cf. Mat 19:1 fum emended also as f[l]um.

123. Etespeissero: there is no documentation found for a verb espeis(s)ar here or in Mat 7:27, presumably translating inruerunt in Vg. “et inruerunt in domum illam” ‘and they (i.e., the winds) beat upon that house’; see NTC “embriveron en”, for which Nüesch gives no meaning; perhaps ‘beat upon’? However, if it is a variant of PD espesar ‘mettre en pièces, détruire’, it is nonsensical here since this house does not fall, though quite suitable in v. 7:27 where it does fall; cf. translations of inruerunt in Mar 3:10 as s’espenhian and in Luk 5:1 as corio.

124. sobre ferma peira; cf. NTC “sobre la peyra”, but NTZ “sobre la ferma peyra”, and BnF, lat. 342 (f. 5c20-21) and 343 (f. 10b11) “supra firmam petram”.

125. pairaula, with cancelled -i-.

126. missing text; see NTC “e li vent buferon”.

127. missing text; see NTC “en aquella”.

128. See the note for v. 7:25. Since this house fell, the winds had blown it to pieces, possibly making of espeissero a variant of espessero in this reconstruction: “[e bufero li vent], et espeissero [la maiso]” based on BnF, lat 342 (5c25-26) “... flauerunt uenti et inruerunt in domum illam”, 343 (10d17-19) “... flauerunt uenti et irruerunt in domum illam”.

129. E, reconstructed as “[E vec vos]” due to loss of text; Vg. “et ecce”, NTC “e ve vos”, BnF, lat 342 (5d4-5) “Et ecce”, 343 (11a3-4) “et ecce”.

130. uol, requires 2 pr. ind. vols; cf. NTC voles.

131. eissa, with a lost e before the e- of eissa.

132. For the meaning of eissa (la) ora, see Mat 3:16.

133. ihu inserted above co.

134. uec, with a missing the straight line above -e- for -n-.

135. depalalisi, ‘of paralysis’; cf. also in PD under the entry erba, for the name in Mat 9:2 of the plant “erba de paralizi”.

136. sotz, followed interlinearly by lo before meu.

137. al, followed by “al lau”.

138. Sg. imperative uei, a rather rare form continuing Lat. VENI, occurs in NTL 16 times (Mt 8:9, 9:18, 19:21; Mr 5:23, 10:21; Lu 7:8, 18:22; Joh 1:46, 4:16, 11:34, 11:43, Ac 7:3; Apo 6:1, 6:3, 6:5, 6:7). We have found uei in manuscripts GHL of Matfre Ermengaud’s Breviari d'Amor (BDA 2004, line 20816 and note). The segmentation of uei as ue plus loc. adv. i, meaning ‘come here’ in NTL is ruled out by Joh 4:16 Vei za, in which loc. adv. za ‘here’ would duplicate i. It is possible that an original ve < ven < VENI acquired its i by analogy with vai < VADE ‘go’.

139. missing e.

140. alceturios, with the straight line over -e- for centurios.

141. elamaso, with maso ‘house’, a variant of usual NTL maiso; see maso elsewhere in Mat 13:57, Mar 2:15, Luk 5:25, Rom 16:11, Col 4:15, and Mat 17:4 maizos once.

142. laisc, lais[e]c.

143. montz ohomes, for montz homes where montz means ‘many’, found also in Joh 2:12, Act 18:10, Apo 9:9, Heb 2:9, all written as motz with a straight tilde on -o- for -n-. PD, mon, refers to molt, which gives molt, mon, mot. Wunderli moutz.

144. -x; could have either the value [s] seen in Luk 7:2 malaves (cf. Mar 2:7 escarnix for escarnis) or [ts] in Luk 8:2 pl. malavetz. Though clearly a noun here, malavet is labelled in PD as an adjective.

145. portara, for expected pret. portec; cf. Vg. portauit, also in BnF, lat 343 (11c10-11), 342 (6a23) and NTC pret. porte. Wunderli retains portara.

146. madec, with missing straight line -n- over -a-

147. Vg. sg. imperative salva ‘save’, translated guirex (from guerir) in which -ex has the same value as in pl. n. Mat 8:17 malavex, q.v.

148. venttz.

149. asu/uamentz, with missing -a- before the second -u-.

150. BnF, lat. 343 in “regionem gerasenorum” (11d17), 342 “in regione gerasenorum” with n above cancelled r (6b21); cf. NTC “en la region de li Generesio”, the region called Genesar in NTL Mar 6:53, Luk 5:1 and NTC Genesareth.

151. ecoregro in which r is inferred from superscribed -o; cf. Vg. occurrerunt, translated in KJV as ‘there met him’, and NTC “contracorrogron a lui”; cf. PD, s.v. encorre, the meaning ‘venir à la rencontre’.

152. forr, for, fort.

153. Vg. “ut nemo posset”, but BnF 343 “nemo possit” (11d20-21); BnF, lat. 342 (6b24) omits posset/ -it before transir(et?) the end of which is barely visible on our printout; PD, s. v. auzar, has both the meanings ‘oser’, and ‘pouvoir’.

154. ant, for antz; cf. Mat 26:35, 75 versus 2 Ti 4:21 ans.

155. tontz, with unwanted -n- over -o-.

156. palalisi; see the note for palalisi in Mat 8:6.

157. almalaute, with interlinear -la- between -a- and -u-.

158. dixro, with missing -e- for dixero. Wunderli retains dixro.

159. podre in full, for poder.

160. eseguilo, with P3 pret. segui instead of more prevalent NTL seguic (Lat. “secutus est”); cf. Mar 1:36 “E seguic lo”. There are at least nine other -ir verbs with a P3 preterit ending -i (Mat 9:19, 9:26, 11:2; Act 7:10, 13:25, 17:31; Apo 20:11; 1 Co 2:9), instead of the -ic that is characteristic of the region of Foix.

161. depcipols, for cancelled -p- in decipols.

162. pecador, missing pl. -s.

163. uegui, with missing straight line for -n- over -e-.

164. podol, with unwanted -l; cf. “podo li fil”.

165. qua, a variant of prevailing quan, written in full here and in Joh 9:5, supports resolved qua for q and a surmounted u-shaped wavy line in Mar 2:19 (bis) and Mar 9:18 (bis); cf. Breviari d’amor (BRV vol. 3) v. 15287, “Qua fortmen …”.

166. ink blot under e, not an expunction mark; hortatory subjunctive meta, but Vg. pr. ind. inmittit in BnF, lat. 343 (12c20) and 342 (6d30); cf. NTC pr. ind. met.

167. Metan: hortatory subjunctive, but pr. ind. mittunt in Vg., BnF, lat. 343 (12c25) and 342 (7a3); cf. NTC pr. ind. meton.

168. uec, with wavy line for -n- over -e-.

169. See the note for Mat 9:9 segui.

170. fefremias, for Lat. fimbriam, with cancelation of fe in favor of fre- in fremias. The -i following -m is to be interpreted as j as in PD, s.v. fremja ‘frange’, as should also be interpreted in the scribe’s Mat 23:5 fremias, Mar 6:56 fremi/a, and Luc 8:44 fremias; note Mat 14:36 fermia with metathesized -re- for fremia > fremja.

171. issi; see the note for Mat 9:9 segui regarding -i instead of -ic.

172. nome<na>tiuasa, with -na- written above -et-.

173. traspassatz; cf. Vg. transeunte. Wunderli retains trapassatz.

174. elei, with the second -e- cancelled.

175. dixro, retained by Wunderli.

176. senheii Senher, with senheii cancelled and rewritten as Senher.

177. si fait, with -a- written interlinearly in the space between si and fait.

178. quengus, with no interlinear straight line over -n- for the following -e-.

179. issirdi, with -r- cancelled between -i- and -d-.

180. diable jeta diable; cf. the plural nouns in Vg. “daemoniorum eicit daemones.” Wunderli retains diable.

181. alternate spelling of meisso; cf. usual dixero for lesser used dissero.

182. postat, with -ze- written interlinearly between -o- and -s-.

183. nonedes, calqued on Lat. immundorum, ‘unclean’.

184. Barto/lomeus with -ar- abbreviated by a surmounted inverted question mark; cf. Cappelli (1928), p. xxxiv barbigeri, p. xxxix cytara, but Act 1:13 Ber- in full.

185. intratretz, with the cancellation of -t- between -a- and -r-.

186. los, cancelled for repeated los.

187. la, inserted interlinearly between saludatz and dize[n]tz.

188. dizetz, with missing straight line over -e- for -n-.

189. uerera, without a straight line over the first -e- for -n- followed by unwanted interlinear surmounted inverted question mark for er.

190. serpetz, with missing straight line over -e- after -p- for serpentz.

191. single case of Vg. praesides translated as princeps, rendered elsewhere as prebost; Vg. “et ad praesides et ad reges” and BnF, lat. 342 (6d25-26) “ad presides et reges”, whereas NTL gives first reis, then princeps, the order in 343 (14a6/7) “ad reges et presides” and NTC “a li rey e a li prevost”.

192. nocosumaretz, negative no plus cosumaretz. Note this first instance of the verb cosumar in which co- is written in full rather than the full con- of Lat. consummare, as also in PD, s.v. consumar ‘consumer; consommer’. For the NTL abbreviation with the shape of ‘9’ for con-, com-, co-, we choose co- because of the frequency with which it is fully written in NTL in these words.

193. See note for Mat 6:34 avonda.

194. Vg. Beelzebub meaning ‘lord of flies’, an indication of the translator’s recourse to a glossary here; see Mat 12:24, 27, Mar 3:22, Luk 11:15, 18, 19 for variations.

195. descuberta .ni. where Wunderli reads ni as an. Although this is a possible interpretation, the marked -i is decisive.

196. Wunderli el. The form e·l is clearly required; cf. Vg.: “… qui occidunt corpus, anima autem non possunt occidere”; NTC “l’arma e lo cors”.

197. cazec, pret. not the fut. cadet in Vg. BnF, lat 343 (14b24) and 342 (8a30) “cadet super terram sine” where conj. et before sine is missing; cf. NTC fut. “cagire sobre la terra sença”.

198. dauat, with a missing straight line for -n- between the -a- and -t.

199. parti, with missing final -r of the verb.

200. digns with straight titulus on -n- for a following -e-.

201. calit; found also in Mat 20:23, 26:27; Mar 9:40, 10:39. NTL has calitz most often and calici once, the only forms in PD, s.v. calitz, -ici, ‘calice’. Is calit a back-formation of calitz taken as a plural?

202. paraula, for pl. paraulas.

203. see the note for Mat 9:9 segui.

204. E/ las, best without e.

205. e disso li ‘and they say to him [John]’, but NTC dis a lui, neither of which can be a translation of BnF 343 (14b24) and 342 ait illis (8c7) ‘he says to them’; cf. P6 pr. ind. disso in NTL Luk 9:18, and in NTC diçon ‘they say’ for Vg. dicunt.

206. Wunderli “on esperarem”.

207. acelas, with a small raised -i- between a- and -c-.

208. contrait; plural ‘the lame’; also in Act 8:7 pl. contraiti. See in PD, s.v. contrach adj. ‘perclus’ (i.e., ‘paralyzed’) alongside contrait, derived from Lat. contractus, past perfect of contrahere. Since all NTL forms of this noun begin with the ‘9’ sign, we choose to expand it here as con- because of the frequency of -o- in con- before -t-. Variant forms are Mat 21:14 pl. contrat, Mar 9:44 contraiz and contratz ‘lame’. Note that a scribe or a reader has twice altered contrat by placing an interlinear -i- between -a- and -t- in Mat 13:14 and Act 14:7 to read as contrait. Cf. these examples from COM: Vie de Sainte Enimie, VSE, ll. 1987-1988 “malaute, cec, contrach e clop/, sortz e lebros e d’altres trop”; Vangeli occitani dell’infanzia di Gesù ENF1 ll. 1975-1976 “contratz e sortz e clops e rancs/, despoderatz e cecs e mancs”, Versos proverbials PRO, ll. 4051-4052 “Sans Mertis gari·l sec/ mal son grat, e ·l contrayt”, Vie de saint Georges, VSG ll. 512-513 “E l’enfant, davant contrach/, mantenent s’es en pes levat”. See in TDF countrech, s.v. countra, adj. ‘contracté, estropié (vieux)’ ‘a cripple, person’.

209. Omitted text that can be reconstructed thus: [Vec vos, aquels que son vestitz de mol]; cf. NTC “Ve vos aquilh que son vesti de mol …” and BnF, lat 343 (15a16) ... “Ecce qui mollibus uestiuntur …”.

210. so| las maisos dels reis, requires en between so and las; cf. BnF, lat 343 (15a16-17) “in domibus regum sunt”.

211. dauamt, with a curved line for -m- instead of the straight line for -n-.

212. forzadament; BnF, lat (15b5/6) “et violenti rapiunt illud” in which pl. n. violenti could be misread as adv. violenter, especially if a superscribed -i was mistaken for a tilde en fouet abbreviating -er; cf. NTC “li sforçant” ‘the violent (ones)’. Understand NTL ‘and they take it away by violent force’.

213. ink blot under l; not an expunction.

214. quantem, alternate spelling of cantem.

215. pa ‘bread’and vi ‘wine’are missing in our Vulgate, the two Latin control texts, and NTC; both NTL and NTC have m. pl. demonis ‘demons, devils’, but one finds Vg. sg. neut. n. daemonium and BnF, lat. 342 (8d14), 343 (15b20) demonium.

216. publicas, understand the masc. pl. publicans, the lost of -n- being normal in NTL.

217. See also Sidonia in Mat 11:22, 23 and 15:21 where one would normally expect Sidon; cf. NTC Tiri and Sidonia here and elsewhere; Sidon never occurs in NTP, only Sajet. With the exception of latinate Luk 4:26 Sidonis, the region of Sidon receives variations of the name Sagetz; see the note in Mar 7:24. The city and region of Tyre (Lat. Tyrus) rendered here and in v. 22 as Tir becomes subsequently Sur.

218. cara ‘sackcloth’ has a small ink spot above the onset of final -a. Levy’s PD has cara as the main entry with variants cheira, chiera, quieira designating a coarse dark colored cloth usually made of goat’s hair; cf. another variant in NTL Luk 10:13 quaira. See also COM2 PC 335 042 135 “e non vos cal cheira portar”, PC 335 024 001 “Ieu trazi pietz que si portava chieira”, and Deux Manuscrits provençaux (DMP31, XXXI, 30: “Fam e setz e portar chiera”, written in Toulouse in the 14^th c. (Brunel 265). Given NTL Luk 10:13 quaira, and Apo 6:12 queira, the ch- of these COM2 forms would surely be pronounced [k]. The forms cara, quaira and queira do not come for the Lat. noun cilicio (< cilicium) or the Apo 6:12 adj. cilicinus modifying saccus. They come from Lat. Caria, the name of a region in Asia Minor in which goats’ hair was made into a coarse dark cloth. We know for certain that Latin has the adjectives cilix, -icis and cilicius, -a, -um ‘Cilician’. Adjectival cilicium was substantivized, giving the noun cilicium, -ii ‘a coarse cloth, or covering made of Cilician goats’ hair’. The region of Caria could have likewise given the Late Latin name caria to a coarse goats’ hair cloth. Anglade (1921), p. 49, says that the suffix -ária according to the dialects became -iera, -ieira, -era, and -eira. Though not a suffix, -aria in caria could well have assumed the same linguistic variation.

219. si esidonia/ Fosos in which e Sidonia (cf. 18:21) replaces Vg. “in Sodomis” ‘(city of) Sidon’, the latter also in BnF, lat 343 (15c18) and 342 (9a1); cf. NTC “en li Sodomienc” ‘among the Sodomites’.

220. e Sanh Esperit is not in Vg., NTC, or BnF, lat 342 (9a5), lat 343 (15c25).

221. denant vezentz, calqued on Lat. providentes ‘foreseers’, synonym of prudentes; cf. NTC “li long vesent” for Vg. prudentibus.

222. d’aquest mon, not in Vg., NTC or BnF, lat 343 (15c24-d3), 342 (9a7-12)

223. demostra, with missing -r. Wunderli demostra; cf. Vg. “et cui voluerit Filius revelare”, NTC “al cal lo Filh o volre revelar”.

224. qui vos treballatz, with expunged tre + unfinished sl after vos.

225. rumpre; the abbreviation sign resembling Arabic ‘4’ (Cappelli (1928), pp. xxiv, xxvii f.) is consistently resolved here as rum despite the “o” of unabbreviated rom in 1 Th 5:17 derompement, and “ron” in Mar 2:22 deronp, Mat 9:17 ronpo and Luk 5:36, 37 ronp; the missing nasal consonant in Mar 2:23 Ms ropian can be emended either as [m] or [n] before -p-.

226. lipreuere, with an interlinear -i- between the second -e- and -r-.

227. franio; cf. Oc. franher ‘briser’ and NTL Mat 12:20 franhera.

228. basmeso, with an interlinear -l- between b- and -a-.

229. cum/damnatz; cf. cu- in full and curved tilde for m in Luk 11:32 cumdam/naran and Rom 5:16 cumdampnacio for the expansion of the ‘9’ sign as cum.

230. nonozentz, calqued on Lat. innocens ‘innocent’.

231. Vg. Filius hominis, BnF, lat 343 (16a16), 342 (9b13) filius hominis; NTC “lo Filh de la vergena”.

232. article + saluaire not in Vg. or the BnF control texts; cf. NTC has only m. pron. el.

233. uec, with missing straight line for -n- over -e-.

234. a space between sa and nar shows signs of an n by scraping. Interrogative “Si letz als sabtes sanar?” is an exact translation of a Latin construction with si (in the sense of Fr. si and Eng. whether) introducing an indirect question. The same interrogative construction occurs also in Act 7:1, 19:2, 21:37, and 22:25.

235. ysa, with a vertical mark over -y-.

236. contendra.

237. el.

238. Vg. omnes turbae; BnF, lat 343 (16c6), 342 (9c17) “omnes turbe”; cf. NTC “totas las compagnias”.

239. abbr. david.

240. bennhebuc BnF, lat 343 (16c10) belzebub, 342 (9c20) beelzebub; NTC Belçabuc.

241. saitanas, with unwanted -i-.

242. BnF 342, lat (9c28) belzebub and also 343 (16c19/20); NTC Belçebuc.

243. pl. pron. quals, but singular pronoun in BnF, lat 342 (9c29), 343 (16c21) in quo; NTC sg. en cal.

244. E|peraisso, with a missing surmounted wavy line over E- for -m- at the beginning of the next line. Wunderli reads: “E per aisso”. Cf. NTC Emperço.

245. Wunderli el.

246. intar, with a missing surmounted u-shaped wavy line between -t and -a- for -r-.

247. lamoiso, with the incorrect first -o- for -a- for la maiso.

248. emals ditz; cf. Mat 15:19 mals ditz and 1 Ti 1:13 mals dizeire ‘a sayer of evil things ‘a blasphemer’. NTL should read maldig, following verb sg. sera, and in accord with maldig later in the verse. Wunderli retains mals ditz.

249. frurc, for fruic ‘fruit’.

250. libre, with an open a above the -i- for l’aibre.

251. demostra, in which an original -u- has been awkwardly changed to two minims for m, and a raised open -a- becomes -ra-.

252. del seu cor; Vg. and NTC lack correspondences for both occurrences of those words whereas BnF, lat 343 (16d23d-17a2) has cordis sui in both places: “Bonus ho/mo de bono thesauro cor/dis sui profert bona. Et/ malus homo de malo thes| auro cordis sui profert ma/la”. BnF, lat 342 (9d22) omits the second occurrence and has profert bonum instead of profert bona.

253. sera: tuas requires sera, as in later seras cumdannatz.

254. cumdannatz; see note for Mat 12:7.

255. dizetz, with missing straight line over -e- for -n-.

256. sigene, in which the first -e- is cancelled.

257. quar, in which the open interlinear -a- should be -ue- for quer from Lat. quaerit ‘seeketh’.

258. mbalena, with a cancelled -m- an original -a- overwritten by b-.

259. cumdanpnaran; see note for Mat 12:7.

260. daustrei; cf. Luk 11:31 da/ustri, without -e- before -i.

261. cumdampna/ra; see note for Mat 12:7.

262. nonedes, calqued on Lat. immundus ‘unclean’.

263. dom, with surmounted u-shaped wavy line for -m-, not the needed straight line for -n-

264. ua|gueiant translating Vg. uacantem ‘being vacant, unoccupied’; PD vaguejar ‘divaguer’ is built on vagare, -ari ‘to wander about, ramble, rave’ and is a different verb from this one; not in PD, which comes from vacare ‘to be empty’(VAC- + -IDIĀRE > vaguejar) and is used here for the metaphor of a human body as a vacant house; cf. NTC vagueiant, for which Nüesch gives no definition.

265. derairannas, with obras added in the margin.

266. cumpaihas, with -i- instead of -n-.

267. omission of Vg. “in parabolis dicens ecce”, which can be reconstructed as [e semblansas, dizent: Vec vos].

268. semensa, with a straight titulus over -m- resolved as -men-; cf. Cappelli 1928, p. 348b sem, with the straight titulus over -m-, translating Lat. semen ‘seed’, here and in Mat 13:3, 27, 32 and Mat 22:24, 25. In NTL, -m- under a straight or a curved titulus is expandable as -m-; cf. Mat 13:24, 37, and 38 where the wavy titulus denotes -men-. Neither BnF, lat 343 (17c13-16) “Et locutus est eis in parabolis di/cens .multa. Ecce exiit/ qui seminat seminare semen” nor 342 (10b16-18) “et locutus est eis multa in para/bolis dicens. Ecce exiit qui semi/nat seminare” offers a perfect match with our reconstructed text. Ms. 343 has semen, but with no possessive pronoun, and displaces multa ‘many things’; 342 agrees with Vg. “... exiit qui seminat seminare” ‘the one who sows went out to sow’; cf. NTC “E el parle a lor motas cosas en semblanças, diçent: Ve vos aquel que semena eysic semenar lo sio semenç”.

269. uiazamet, with the missing straight line over -e- for -n-.

270. omission of Vg. “quia non habebant altitudinem terrae” reconstructed [quar no avia auteza de terra]

271. omission of Vg. “sole autem orto aestuaverunt”, reconstructed as [mas lo solelh nat, escalfero].

272. auia, with a missing straight line over -a for following -n-.

273. omission of Vg. ceciderunt, reconstructed [cazero].

274. The phonetic value of -ch in this single instance of fruch (Mat 13:8) is uncertain. Elsewhere -ch is found in word-final position in the names Acheldemach (Mat 27:8), Enoch (Vg. Jud 1:14 Enoc), Iarech (Vg. Luk 3:37 Iared) where it would have been pronounced as [k]. Intervocalic -ch-, as in Act 7:6 tracharan, Gal 1:14 profechava, and Heb 12:15 empache, was surely pronounced as the voiceless affricate [tS]. However the postconsonantal -ch- in archa (Luk 17:27), rivaling arca (Mat 24:38), and the surprising interconsonantal -ch- certainly represented [k] in junchturas (Act 27:40), for expected junctura (Eph 4:16). fruch may simply be an alternate spelling of fruc; see the note at Mar 4:19.

275. losecrt, in which -c- is well oversized; missing is -e- between -r- and -t- secrt for secret.

276. entendran.

277. bonanurat, with unwanted -n- between -a- and -u- for bonaurat.

278. Eporta, with an interlinear -a- added between E- and -p-.

279. semenn, with a superfluous -n, requiring a 3^rd per. pret. semenec, for Vg. seminavit.

280. esobrese/menec; cf. BnF, lat 342 (10d18/19), 343 (18b16) “super seminauit” (better written as superseminauit ‘oversowed’), but written in NTC, NTZ as sobresemene.

281. juls, spelled as julh in vv. 13:26, 27 for any of several unwelcome weedy plants that grow in gardens and grain fields, and translating Lat. zizania (rendered French as ivraie and in English as cockle, darnel, or tares), the learned Latin name being Lolium temulentum. Though julh or juls are not not found in PD, Coromines has in his Catalan DVBC the entry jull, the word used by the monks of Montserrat in their New Testament.

282. iulh, see Mat 13:25 juls.

283. mannadas, with an unwanted straight line for -n- after the first -a- where there should be an -i- in mainadas ‘the people of the house, domestics, servants’; cf. NTL Mat 10:25 mainadas.

284. a/uetura, with the lack of a straight line over -e- for -n-.

285. los, for lor, cf. NTC. Wunderli retains los and adds Mas from the next verse.

286. primerament, with a small -i- raised interlinearly between -e- and -r-.

287. semnblansa, with an unwanted straight line for -n- over -m-.

288. del, should be dels as in Mat 13:47 dels cels.

289. del, should be dels as in Mat 13:47 dels cels.

290. lacumpanas, in which pl. -s is inserted interlinearly for las.

291. semmsa, in which the wavy line over -m- must be resolved as -em-, but pronounced as -en- before -s-.

292. semmsa; see the note for Mat 13:37 sememsa.

293. sobresemmsa, calqued on Lat. superseminavit ‘sowed over’as found in BnF, lat 343 (18d20)”super seminauit”, but without super in 342 (18d18) seminauit; cf. NTC, NTZ semene.

294. lamessos, with a raised interlinear -i- between -n- and -s-.

295. delsegel, mistake for del segle.

296. lidreiturre.

297. resplandran with -n inferred from a surmounted u-shaped wavy -a- over -r.

298. del, should be dels as in Mat 13:47 dels cels.

299. cumpra written in full; cf. Mat 13:44 cumpra in full, and with cu- Mat 27:7 cum|prero and Joh 13:29 cumpra.

300. del, should be dels as in Mat 13:47 dels cels.

301. Li, must be sg. lo; cf. “quam cum impleta esset”, and NTC Mat 13:48 “La cal cun ilh fossa plena”. Wunderli li quals.

302. saluaire; both BnF, lat 342 (11c14) and 343 (19b15) have abbreviated Jesus; cf. Vg. Iesus and NTC Yhesu.

303. pa/raula, instead of pl. paraulas.

304. See note for Mat 8:14 maso.

305. la no crezensa, calqued on Lat. incredulitatem ‘unbelief, incredulity’.

306. atemps, with cancelled a-.

307. lo … terra translates Vg. tetrarcha here and in Luk 3:1, 19 and 9:7, giving evidence of access to a marginal gloss or a glossary; cf. Act 13:1 “En Herode lo cartaner”, pointing to a different translator.

308. eliec, requires the masc. object ·l, i.e. ‘him’; cf. NTC “e ligue lui”.

309. uoletz, with a missing straight line for -n- above -e-.

310. co, most of the second stroke of o is missing.

311. natiuetat, only the top and bottom of -e- are visible in the Clédat reproduction.

312. lopalaitz, for Lat. triclinio ‘eating couch; parlour, dining room’, missing in the Stutt. Vg., but found in BnF, lat 342 (11d19), 343 (19c24); not found in NTC or NTZ.

313. denant anuncia/da, calqued on fem. Lat praemonita ‘to advise before, forewarn’.

314. contristatz; cf. Joh 21:17 contristatz and Jam 5:13 contristat with con- written in full.

315. desec.

316. elmo/niment; note that el moniment is not found in Vg, BnF, lat 343 (19d13), 342 (11d23) or NTC.

317. uent, with a second [en]; cf. Stutt. Vg. venientes.

318. El saluaire takes the place of Vg. et + unexpressed pronoun as also in BnF, lat 342 (11d27), 343 (19d19); cf. NTC E isent with no pronoun.

319. Omitted [e misericordia ac de lei]; cf. Vg. “et misertus est eius” with pl. eius, but NTC “e marceneie de ley” with sg. ley as found in BnF, lat 342 (11d28) sg. eis referring to sg. turbam and likewise in 343 (19d20), hence our choice of f. sg. lei in our reconstruction.

320. lonx, with unwanted straight line for -n- in lox ‘place’.

321. epreso, with a missing surmounted u-shaped wavy line between -s- and -o for -er-.

322. rema/sullas < *REMA(N)SUCULAS with accented long U of past part. remasut; cf. Rom 11:5 remazilhas and Rom 9:27 romazilhas translating forms of Vg. reliquia, rendered in Luk 24:43 as sobras and omitted in Mar 6:43; cf. OSp. remasaja, remasija and It. masc. rimasuglio.

323. frahmentas, a synonym found in Levy’s PD only as franhementa ‘morceau’. We retain the manuscript’s spellings for this word because of -hm- here and in Mat 15:37, Mar 8:8, 19, and originally in Mar 6:43 frah<e>mentas, subsequently corrected with the interlinear e; cf. Luk 9:17, Joh 6:12, 13 franementas with -n- for -nh-. The -h- may represent a devoiced and slightly aspirated [g]; the devoicing is quite visible in four cases of fracment in NTP Mar 6:43, 8:8, 20, and Joh 6:13 f<r>acment.

324. The con- of this variant of pl. contraris and the related forms of vb. contrariejar and n. contrarietat is always abbreviated by the ‘9’ sign. Expanded con- is based on prep. contra; see note for contradizent at Rom 10:21.

325. uengelia, by correcting an erroneous straight line over the first -e- for -n- gives vegelia; see NTL Luk 2:8, 2 Co 6:5 vegilias and Mar 6:48 vigilia, Luk 12:38 vigillia (bis), 2 Co 11:27 vigillias, supported by PD, s.v. vegilia, vigilia ‘vigile’.

326. division of ms. vene is suggested by adv. ne ‘here’ and in NTL Luk 18:37 “Mais dixero a lui que Jesu de Nazare ne passava”, in which ne has no Vg. counterpart; cf. Act 7:34, Apo 22:20 ve. Wunderli: “Vene!”.

327. uenent, where, for Lat. uedent, vezent is required. Wunderli: venent.

328. era, where pl. eran is required.

329. Wunderli: Genesarret.

330. adorero lui. E; an insertion not found in our searches.

331. lafermia, for la fremja; see the note for Mat 9:20 fremjas. Wunderli: fermja.

332. maian, with missing straight line over the first -a- for -n-.

333. dira mal; Vg. dixerit and likewise BnF, lat 342 (12c7) and 343 (20d4); cf. NTC dire.

334. ondrara, ond + surmounted inverted question mark -ara, where the mark is simple r rather than -er-.

335. beprofeti/ze, with -c over -e-.

336. senes/ gazerdo, ‘without reward’; Vg. and both BnF control texts have “Sine causa” ‘in vain’, translated correctly in NTL Rom 13:4, Gal 4:11 senes causa, Gal 3:4 ses causa; cf. BnF, lat 342 (12c13), 343 (10d14) Sine causa, NTC sença cayson. As for gazerdo, a noun found in PD only as gazardo(n), gui-, guier- ‘récompense’, it appears however in La Chanson de la Croisade albigeoise (CCA) as gazerdo, gazerdon, gazerdos.

337. aissi, mistaken for a si, i.e. ‘to himself’.

338. laissa, mistake for laisa; cf. PD, s.v. laizar ‘souiller’; cf. in this same verse, laisa.

339. efant, in “Saup que li efant”, reconstructed as [Saps que li Fariseu]; saup, retained by Wunderli, can only be the singular 1^st or 3^rd pers. pret. instead of the sg. 2^nd pers. pr. ind. saps ‘dost thou know’ (cf. Joh 16:30 saps); pl. li efant has inexplicably replaced li Fariseu; BnF, lat 342 (12c23) “Scis quia farisei”, 343 (20d23/24) “Scis quia/ pharisei”, and NTC “Tu sabes car li farisio”.

340. derazida; cf. Jud 1:12 derazigadi and PD derazigar, s.v. desrazigar.

341. ep, with a surmounted inverted question mark over p, thus cancelled, so leaving endepartiment. According to the KJV version, the Latin “et in secessum emittitur” is translated as ‘and is cast out into the draught’, in other versions, ‘privy’, the definition ‘cabinet’ being missing in PD, s.v. departimen. Note parallel NTC “No entendetz que tot aquo que intra per la boca va el ventre et es mes en departiment”. Regrettably, Nüesch does not define the various meanings of departiment in his list of verbs. The NKJV Greek-English Interlinear New Testament (1994) offers ‘into a latrine is cast out’. The Catalan monks of Montserrat give us “i és llençat a l’excusat”, the excusat being a latrine.

342. homcidis, for homicidis, with -i- added between -m- and -c-.

343. mals ditz/ detracios, translating blasphemiae in the sense of ‘speaking slanderous evil of someone’. Detracios occurs in NTL only here; see NTC 2 Co 12:20 detraçions, 1 Pe 2:1 detracio<s>; NTZ 2 Co 12: detracions. Though it is not in Levy’s PD, detraction appears once in Six Vaudois Poems (in COM2 SPV3 159) “li van regardement, detracion e pigricia”. One finds detraction in Greimas’ Old Fr. dictionary defined as ‘action de dénigrer, calomnie’. The PD defines calomnie thus: ‘Imputation mensongère qui attaque la réputation, l’honneur’, sending the reader to détraction, ‘action de rabaisser le mérite de qqch.’.

344. Içissitz, retained by Wunderli, for Içitz (“et egressus inde Iesus”); cf. Mat 18:28 issiz (“egressus autem servus”).

345. desur; see note at Mat 11:21 for Tir and Sidonia.

346. Vg. “dimitte eam” ‘send her away’; cf. PD, s.v. perdonar, ‘faire cesser, se désister de’.

347. mouta, for moutas.

348. aluentz, for auentz ‘having’.

349. contratz, with an -i- placed interlinearly between -a- and -t-.

350. low part of Tironian 9 barely visible in Clédat.

351. defaliis/can, with -ii- twice dotted, instead of expected defalhiscan.

352. frahmenta; see the note for frahmentas at Mat 14:20.

353. lisarduceu, followed by the omission of [li Fariseu e]; cf. BnF, lat 342 (13b8-9), 343 (21d14) “pharisei et saducei”.

354. roitz, where it is not impossible that -tz is the hypercorrect spelling for -s in the subjective case for normal rois ‘red’; cf. -tz in ms. 1 Co 9:22 “Totatz causas” and ms. 1 Ti 2:9 “tortatz cris” ‘plaited hair’ (f. torta, p.p. of torser; crin m. and f.). However, given the voiced afficate -j- fem. roja in Ac 7:36, Heb 11:29 “Mar Roja”, it is more probable that the -itz of roitz does not spell rois ‘red’. It is more likely to be a variant spelling of subj. case -igs or -igz noting a voiceless affricate, as in Mat 2:2 reigs and Joh 4:46 reigz with the same pronunciation as -gs in Mar 6:26 regs.

355. quar; see note in Mat 12:39.

356. NTC has receopen for BnF, lat342 (13b27) and 343 (22a9) accepimus; avem is normally the translation of habemus.

357. Wunderli Felipet, as if et forms part of it. However, cf. Vg. “in partes Caesareae Philippi, et …”.

358. lofil dedeu, an interpretative translation of Vg. “Filius hominis”, also in BnF, lat 342 (13c14), 343 (22b3-4).

359. cars, with the omission of a straight line over -a- for -n- in carns; see the same at Luk 3:6. Wunderli: cars.

360. liara, requires P2 liaras

361. terera, er an interlinear addition.

362. enat, with missing straight line over -a- for -n-.

363. isl’m, for usual isrl’m.

364. el, with cancelled -l.

365. commsçec, with the wavy tilde over -m- that must be read as -em-, but pronounced as -en-.

366. segra, fut. tense; Vg. et sequatur me: the scribe probably saw on seg a flying “a” which he read as -ra. Wunderli retains segra.

367. This sentence following “e sega mei”, ending in Lat. “et sequatur me”, is not in the Vg., in BnF, lat. 343 (22c21), 342 (13d18) or in NTC, NTZ.

368. fem. art. la becomes a pronoun with the omission of following [sua arma] as in Vg. animam suam and in BnF, lat 342 (13d21), 343 (12c24), and NTC, NTZ “la soa arma”.

369. The addition “e vida durabla” is not in Vg., BnF, lat 342 (22c23), 343 (13d21), NTC or NTZ.

370. quin, quin in which q is surmounted with i with -n understood. That interpretation is supported by 1 Pe 1:11 q + surmounted i + n in quin temps; cf. also Mar 13:4 subj. case quins signes with q + surmounted i + n + s. The presence of quin and quins, rather than quinh and quinhs, ‘in what manner’, is well represented in COM2. PD gives only quinh. Wunderli: que.

371. Quar lofil dedeu, Vg. “Filius enim hominis”, also in BnF, lat 342 (13d25-26), 343 (22d3-4); cf. however the translation “Fil de l’home” in juxtaposed v. 28.

372. angles; Peter Ricketts (LDVC) retains ms. arcangles alongside angels in a prayer to the Virgin (p. 847). He also keeps angles alongside expected angels and arcangels in a letter come from heaven (LDVC, p. 847). Brunel’s more recent date for the manuscript and its copy, preserved in the Archives départementales du Gers (I, 4066), is 15th c., in the Hautes-Pyrénées.

373. E fo fait seguentre me.| vii. dias, a less than accurate reading for Vg. “post dies sex” and in BnF, lat 342 (14a1), 343 (22d12) and NTC “Enapres .VI. dias”, NTZ “Enapres 6 dias”. Wunderli retains the ms. reading.

374. canzero, with mistaken straight line for -n- over -a-.

375. Jhus, with missing -es-.

376. Vg. “Filius hominis”, also in BnF, lat 342 (14a26), 343 (23a16-17); cf. NTC, NTZ “lo Filh de la vergena”.

377. restaura, with a flow of ink on a second -ra for fut. restaurara; Vg. fut. restituet; cf. NTC, NTZ fut. restaurare. Wunderli: restaura.

378. uegutz, with a missing straight line for -n- over -e-.

379. lofil dedeu, Vg. Filius hominis, also in BnF, lat 342 (14b3), 343 (23b1).

380. ihesu, but Jesus’s name is not in Vg, BnF, lat 342 (14b6), 343 (23b5) or NTC.

381. Since the remainder of this verse becomes v. 15 in Nüesch’s NTC, the remaining numbers in this chapter are one greater than ours, which follow the Stuttgart Vulgate numbering.

382. demi e; missing from Vg, BnF, lat 342 (14b8), 343 (13b8) and NTC (= v. 17:15).

383. foc es pessament with conj. et omitted; the bad separation in es pessament may suggest the reading e spessament for ‘frequently, repeatedly’. The question mark can now be removed from PD espesamen “souvent?”.

384. encrezols: strangely, Wunderli interprets here and elsewhere as necrezols (see vol. 2, p. 208), but it is the only in- form to be treated thus. The abbreviation ē is habitually resolved in NTL as en. In addition, Wunderli (vol. 2, p. 165) has an entry, encrezol, for three examples, encrezol (Heb 3: 18), encrezols (Heb 11:31) and encredols (Joh 3:36), in which the forms are written in full.

385. sera, mistaken for required cond. serei; cf. NTC sarei.

386. omission here of Vg. “usquequo patiar vos”, but present in BnF, lat 342 (14b15), 343 (23b16); for reconstructed [qua lun(c) vos sufrirei?], cf. the translations of quamdiu as Mat 9:15 qua lunc ‘how long’ and of usquequo as Luk 9:41 qua lun ‘how long’.

387. nocrezensa, calqued on Lat. incredulitatem ‘unbelief’.

388. daci, with a raised -i- between -a- and -c-.

389. nopoderosa, calqued on Lat. inpossibile ‘impossible’.

390. oro, with a straight line over -r- could stand for oratio or oracio. However, given two instances of oratio(s) with the root orat- written twice in full (Act 10:4, Act 16:13) versus four cases in full of oracios (Mat. 21:22, Luk. 9:44, Jam. 5.15, Cathar Ritual oracio, p. 472b1), oracio(s) has been chosen for the NTL resolution. The most frequent abbreviation, namely oro with a straight line over -r-, is likewise resolved as oracio(s). See the note in Mar 11:17 for the 9 unabbreviated orazo(s).

391. de iuntz, for dejuntz in which -ntz is pronounced [ns]; cf. Lat. sg. ieiunus ‘fasting’. See Act 27:9 sg. dejuns.

392. contristatz with the a surmounted inverted question mark symbol for -ri- instead of superscribed i; see Mat 14:9 on con-.

393. uenguez, with a straight line for -n- over -e-.

394. dragina with pointed -i- here and again at the end of the verse, show a copyist’s misreading of the minims in dragma. The absence of di- in didragma, ‘double drachma, half shekel’, or the alternate spelling didrachma, appears to be an error here and at the end of this verse. Wunderli retains dragina.

395. In a misreading of the ms., Wunderli here gives No, against the sense of the text; cf. Vg. “Ait: Etiam”.

396. ses, < Lat. CENSU(M).

397. See note for Mat. 1:25.

398. ezobrel laboca, with an unwanted -l at the end of obre.

399. quals es ma/gers, with NTL agreeing with NTC and NTZ “Qual es maior”, as opposed to Vg. “quis putas maior est” and BnF, lat 342 (14c19-20), 343 (23b8-9) “Quis putas maior est in regno celorum?”.

400. dix, a mistake for 1 pr. ind. dic. Wunderli: dix.

401. mola asenaria, for Lat. mola asinaria ‘millstone’.

402. verb omitted; cf. Vg. demergatur ‘be cast down, plunged’and NTL Luk 10:15 baissaras for demergeris.

403. de Deu, not in Vg., BnF, lat 342 (14d12), 343 (24a9) or NTC.

404. de Deu, not in Vg., BnF, lat 342 (14d17), 343 (24a16), or NTC.

405. que crezo e mi, though not in Vg. or NTC, are in BnF 342 (14d21), 343 (24a19) “qui in me credunt”, repeating words in v. 6.

406. qs, with an -i- over the q- for qui- but not -e- for -es.

407. Vg. “Filius hominis”, also in BnF, lat 342 (14d24), 343 (24a22-23).

408. puitz ‘mountains, hills’ occurs as pl. m. obj. case in Mat 18:12, 24:16; Mar 5:5; Luk 21:21; Apo 6:14, 6:16; and sg. m. subj. case in Apo 8:8. The tonic short O of PODIU(M) gives an open o in pog (Mat 14:23) that has closed to u in pug (Mat 8:1) and subj. case m. sg. pugz (Gal 4:25). The i of puig (Mat 4:8) and poig (Mar 5:11, Apo 16:20) is part of the grapheme -ig for an unvoiced affricate, and it is probable that the -itz of puitz has that same phonetic value; cf. sg. m. subj. case roitz ‘red’ (Mat 16:2) with -itz replacing -g in rog, the main entry in PD; cf. the numerous NTL spellings noitz ‘night’ and nuitz (Mat 28:13, 2:14), not registered in PD, s.v. noch, nuch, nuit, etc. The spelling puit (in Luk 4:28 and numerous other places), whatever its grammatical case, most probably derives from the dropping of -z as an orthographic back-formation of puitz and would have the same pronunciation as pug. The back-formation would have been facilitated by the identical pronunciation of sg. puig and pl. puigs, as heard in the Catalan of the Pyrénées Orientales and other dialects of today (DVBC, s.v. puig).

409. esi tu au, another case of accented preverbal objective tu is seen in Joh 13:37 “Senher, per que no pusc tu segre ara?”; cf. accented postverbal tu in NTC “si el auvire tu, tu as gagna lo tio frayre” and “Per que non poys ara segre tu?”. Wunderli: te.

410. There is here a contorted translation of BnF, lat 342 (15a12-13), 343 (24b19-21) “ut in ore duorum uel trium testium stet omne uerbum”; cf. NTC “que tota parola iste en la boca de dui o de tres testimoni”.

411. Vera rament; first -ra poorly cancelled with pen strokes.

412. There is here a condensed version of BnF, lat 342 (15a25-27) 343 (24a14-16) “... Domine quotie[n]s peccabit (342 peccauerit) in me frater meus. et dimittam ei usque: septies?”; cf. NTC “... per canta via lo mio frayre pecare en mi, perdonarei a lui? Entro a set?”.

413. uegada, requires pl. vegadas.

414. seus/ ssers, with missing co- in co-ssers, calqued on Lat conservus ‘fellow servant’; see Mat 18:29, 33 co-ssers, but 31 co-ser.

415. locossers, for co-ssers, see Mat 18:28.

416. dizetz, with missing straight line for -n- over -e-.

417. licoser, for li co-ser, see Mat 18:28.

418. contristatz; see Mat 14:9 on con-.

419. srers, with the erasure of -re- for sers ‘servant’.

420. cosser, for co-sser, see Mat 18:28.

421. usquex, m. subj. case meaning ‘each one of you (individually)’; understand ‘if each one of you does not forgive his brother’. PD has only the entry quec, indef. pron., ‘chaque; chacun’, indicating Levy’s preference for segmented u(n) quec; cf. NTL m. obj. case uquec < Vg. unusquisque in a single word.

422. auostrE/ fraire with E for expected e in abbreviated vostre for Vg. fratri suo and the same in BnF, lat 342 (15c2) and 343 (26a12); cf. NTC “al sio fraire”.

423. fum; see note at Mat 7.25 where ms. fum is also emended as f[l]um; Vg. Mat 19:1 “trans Iordanen” translated as “part f[l]um Jordan”.

424. Omission; reconstructed [fe lor.] “on fecit eos” in BnF, lat 342 (15a10-12) “Qui respondens ait eis. Non legistis quia qui fecit ab inicio masculum. et feminam fecit eos?” and 343 (25a23-26); cf. addition of l’ome in NTC “… Non leges car aquel lo cal fei l'ome del començament, lo mascle e la fena, fei lor”, also in NTZ.

425. uma, with the last minim of original um- expunged, and then the addition of open a above reconstructed -n-.

426. soparca: read soparta, 3 p. pres. subj. of sopartir.

427. uostras, in which -e- in original uostres has been changed to -a-.

428. laissar lasua, in which laissar should be the future tense laissara. Wunderli considers laissar la to be “laissar l’a”, in spite of the usage in the previous verse.

429. prene/ autra; cf. Mat 5:32.

430. noseiiar, for noseijar, whereas the NTL root elsewhere is nocej-.

431. crasta, in which a final flying -a at the end of the line would seem to be crastat; cf. crastat twice thereafter in this verse. Wunderli: crasta.

432. equal causa | farei with addition of conj. e and omission of [de be]; cf. BnF, lat 342 (15d12-13), 343 (25c14-16), “quid boni faciam”, and NTC “cal cosa farei de ben”.

433. us deus es bos; cf. the same NTC, NTZ “Un Dio es bon”, obviously not the precise interpretation of Vg. “unus est bonus, Deus” rendered as ‘one is good, God’.

434. paraulas, requires sg. paraula.

435. Wunderli: le.

436. no/ poderosa, calqued on Lat. inpossibile ‘impossible’.

437. The addition “desamparetz totas causas e” is not in Vg; cf. BnF, lat 342 (20a11-13), 343 (26a5-7) “... amen dico uobis quod uos qui reliquistis/ omnia. et secuti estis me”, but cf. NTC, NTZ “layses totas cosas e segues mi”.

438. regenaratio, misspelled, regeneratio.

439. fil dedeu, versus Vg. “Filius hominis”, also in BnF, lat 342 (16a14), 343 (26a9).

440. laisara, the future ‘will leave’ versus the perf. tense Vg. reliquit ‘hath left’; cf. BnF, lat 342 (20a17), 343 (26a13) fut. perf. reliquerit ‘will have left’.

441. ofils. ofillas, note that Lat. filios is expanded to sons and daughters while NTC, NTZ have only “o filh”.

442. maisos. o canps; note the displacement of maisos, Lat. domus, before canps, Lat. ager.

443. enauiro, in which the off-stroke of r is not visible in Clédat.

444. onzena; Wunderli, mistakenly: ozena.

445. estatz, with a raised interlinear -i- above -a-.

446. loguet; Wunderli: loguec.

447. foro, a mistaken reading of fero; cf. Vg. fecerunt and NTC, NTZ feron. Wunderli retains foro.

448. couen<g>st, with a raised interlinear -g-, but missing -ui- for covenguist. Wunderli: “coven<e>st”.

449. sera, requires pl. seran. Wunderli: sera.

450. isrl’m, abbreviation for Jerusalem.

451. elfil dedeu, Vg. “Filius hominis”, also in BnF, lat 342 (16c5), 343 (26c4).

452. ecumdamnaran; see note for Mat 12:7.

453. la gentz, requires pl. “las Gentz”.

454. eacurzi/ficar, for e a cruzificar. Wunderli: curzificar.

455. lui, referring to la maire in the previous verse, is a rather frequent strong feminine personal pronoun in NTL. Although most often missing from grammars, Povl Skårup (1997) treats it in his volume, taking an example from René Lavaud and René Nelli’s edition of Flamenca, ll. 4948-50 “E que d’autrui a lui no-m clame,/ Et a lei sui del tot rendutz/ E per leis sui aissi vencutz” with lui side by side with two other more usual feminine pronouns: “Le sg. lui peut egalement servir de fém.: dans Flamenca 4948-50, on lit lui - lei - leis, tous fém. sg.” (p. 49); cf. also a male speaking of a woman as lui in COM2 PC 242 071 037 “amics sui de lui”. Though Karl Bartsch (1904) in his edition of of the Petit bestiaire changes ms. luy to ley in col. 306, l. 28, treating it as an error, he confirms in note 28 ms. lui, the form that Carl Appel kept in his edition of that text (Appel (1895), no 125, ll. 33-34)] “vas luy”. The language of Petit Bestiaire is close to that of NTL, and Brunel (194, fol. 140) assigns it to XIV^th c. Languedoc. Lui in Perdigon’s COM2 PC 370 010 056 “De lui on es pretz vers” refers to a lady as does also luy in COM2 EAM 601-02 “anc no n’amey autrui/ la quarta part de luy” in Arnaut de Marsan’s Ensenhamen.

456. calit; see note on calit in Mat 10:42.

457. col fil dedeu; see Vg. “Filius hominis”, also in BnF, lat 342 (16d1-2), 343 (27a14-15).

458. Here begins an interpolation known as “de primis accubitibus” found in very few bibles; see Berger, Rom. 18 (1889), p. 361, in which his insertion of is between accedens and qui is unwarranted). This text adheres closely to BnF lat, 342 (16d4-15) and 343 (27a18-b7): “Vos autem queretis de pusillo crescere, et de magnis maiores esse. Intrantes autem ad cenam nolite recumbere in locis eminentibus (342 he-). ne forte clarior te superueniat. et accedens qui ad cenam uocauit te. [erroneous 342 + et] dicat tibi: adhuc deorsum accede, et confundaris. Si autem in loco inferiori recubueris. et superuenerit humilior te dicet tibi qui te ad cenam (342 ad cenam te) inuitauit. accede adhuc sursum. et hoc erit tibi utilis (342 hu-)”.

459. sobre-apareisens, calqued on Lat. superapparens ‘appearing above’.

460. sobre uenga, calqued on Lat sobreuenire ‘to come in’.

461. taseiras; TdF registers modern assèire ‘asseoir, établir’, but cites only medieval Oc. asesir, assezer, assire ‘asseoir’. PD gives only asezer, asire, asir ‘asseoir, placer’, though one finds there seire ‘être assis’, s.v. sezer. Anglade (p. 345) has inf. seire and P1 fut. seirai, but no inf. asseire (only assezer, assire). NTL aseiras documents as(s)eire as COM2, FLA 7526 “e josta leis vos asseirai”.

462. Added insertion of “e dix ad els: Segon la vostra fe, sia fait a vos” that is not in Vg., BnF, lat. 342 (16d28), 343 (27b22) or NTC, NTZ; cf. Mat 9:29.

463. enboscage; cf. BnF, lat. 342 (16d31) & 343 (27c1) bethfage, and NTC Betfaiet, NTZ Betfaget. Wunderli: Boscage, without explanation.

464. laissaran, should be singular according to Vg. and BnF, lat 342 (17a8), 343 (27c11) dimittet, but NTC and NTZ have pl. laysaren, envisaging the two men loosening the ass and her colt mentioned in v. 2.

465. dizetz, with missing straight line -n- over -e-.

466. PD gives sotzjoal as an adjective meaning ‘that carries the yoke’; cf. Vg. “filium subiugalis ...” translated as Douay “the foal of her that is used to the yoke” in which “used to the yoke” is an adjectival phrase?

467. Lauzor, and lauzors; cf. Vg. osanna and Douay Hosanna and osanna in Mat 21:15 also reflecting a gloss for Hosanna; for other translations see notes in Mar 11:9, 11:10, and Joh 12:13. See PD, s.v. lauzor ‘louange, hymne (d’église)’.

468. elas, in which de, instead of e, best fits “de las” in “dels vendentz de las colombas”.

469. contrat, variant of contrait; see Mat 15:30 contraitz and Act 14:7 in which superscribed -i- is probably the scribe’s alteration of 9tratz as an afterthought.

470. escriptura, mistake for ‘the scribes’.

471. lauzor; see Mat 21:9 note on lauzor.

472. endenhro, with a missing -e- between -h- and -r-.

473. efanitz, with an unwarranted -i-. Wunderli: efaintz.

474. The phrase “et essenhava los del regne de Deu”, is not in the Vg., but is in NTC and BnF, lat. 342 (17b18) & 343 (288a10-11) “et docebat eos de regno dei”.

475. lanlunhaora, with lan- cancelled.

476. This verse gives only this NTL example in SW; localizable today in Languedoc, meaning ‘plante ou rejeton de figuier’(Alibert 1965, TdF); cf. Mat. 21:21, Mar 11:20, 21, Luk 13:7.

477. uezetz, with missing straight line for -n- over the second -e-.

478. oracio, written in full; see the three other instances of oracio(s) written in full in Luk. 9.44, Jam. 5.15, Cathar Ritual oracio, (Clédat, p. 472b1).

479. crez/etz, with missing straight line for -n- over the second -e-.

480. auos, usual notation of a vos; the dot under a must be accidental.

481. direm, with a overwritten as e.

482. crezet, crez/etz, with missing straight line for -n- over the second -e-.

483. obra, the infinitive is required; cf. NTC “vay encoy obrar”. Wunderli: “vai oi, obra …”.

484. uolotat, with a missing straight line for -n- over the second -o-.

485. denat, with the missing straight line for -n- over -a-.

486. de dreitat, for iustitiae ‘of justice’ dreit + -tat > *dreit(t)at with reduction of -tt-; cf. the translation of cognatio ‘kindred’ by the Occitan creation of pairetat with paire + -tat (Act 7:14).

487. crezetz; pret. aguesz and conj. que require imperf. subj. crezessetz (Vg. crederetis); cf. pluperf. subj. cresesa in NTC “non agues penedença, que enapres cresesa a lui”. Wunderli: crezetz.

488. Mss. BnF, lat. 342 (17d8) and 343 (28d1) mark the beginning of this verse as the beginning of a paragraph with a large A- in Aliam.

489. trulh; PD has only trolh with an open o which could have become truelh, and then trulh; cf. NTL and NTZ Apo 19:15 trulh.

490. letes, with a straight line over the second -e- for -n- instead of the wavy line for -m-.

491. one of the definitions in PD, s. v. vergonhar is ‘respecter’ which fits the meaning of Vg. verebuntur; cf. the same verb vergonharan in Mar 12:6 for Vg. reverebuntur.

492. “clauses et aucizero lo” and “e gitero lo de la vinha” are reversed with respect to the order in the Vulgate and BnF, lat. 342 (17d23/23) and 343 (23d18-19).

493. uendra, with -r- inserted above and between -d- and -a-.

494. the second r in fut. redran (cf. NTC fut. rendren) is rendered by a tilde en fouet, indicating perhaps an original pres. ind. redan (cf. Vg. reddant).

495. escripturas, with an original -u- overwritten by -p-.

496. Wunderli: ulh.

497. regnes, with an unerased -g- in the space before regnes.

498. co/nogo, written in full. Note the absence of -r- between -g- and -o, and also between -o- here and in Luk 9:11, Joh 10:5 conogo; cf. also no -r- in Mar 6:54, Jud 1:10 conogon. See CCA str. 204 ll. 91-92: “cadaüs e son cor s’es fort meravilhatz, / can lo rei Saladi se conogon de latz”. The occurrence of conogro and conogron prevails in NTL.

499. equeretz, with a missing straight line over the last -e- for -n-, thus, e querentz.

500. There is here the same chapter division found in BnF, lat. 342 (18a19) which includes Vg. 22:1 at the end of the paragraph before the capital S- of Simile marking a new paragraph at Vg. 22:2 (18a21); see, however, the chapter symbol inserted in the margin before line 18a19 to align the division with that of the Vulgate, which is found in BnF, lat. 343 (29a22).

501. autres, bad copy of antas ‘insults’ as in Act 14:5 “ab antas turmentesso”; cf. NTC “tormentessan lor cun vergogna” for Vg. “contumelia adfectos”. Wunderli retains autres.

502. homescidiers; note that ms. homescidiers was originally written as homescadiers in which the original -a- was overwritten as -i-, but with an incomplete erasure of the bowl of the a; for this reason -sc- of the ms. is written as -c-. Note the vowel -e- in home- versus homi- in 1 Pe 4:15 homicidiers; cf. in Lat. homicida, the first -i- being short and the second -i- being long.

503. era, with no straight line stroke over -a- for -n-.

504. anantz, with an unwarranted -n-.

505. presessos, with an unwarranted -s.

506. Noreceps; cf. for receps Vg. respicis ‘look at, regard; consider’; cf. NTL recep ‘receive’ in Luk 20:21 (Vg. accipis) and Gal 2:6 (Vg. accipit) regarding the divine treatment of the “person of men”.

507. Engannador, with an unwanted straight line for -n- on the first -a-.

508. ses, for ces, i.e the census.

509. Vg. pr. ind. dicunt; cf. NTC “ilh diseron”.

510. edise, requires pl. diso; cf. Vg. qui dicunt, NTC li cal diçon.

511. resus/reccio, spelling retained because of Mar 12:18 resu/srectios. Most likely the s of -sr- here and in Mar 12:18 resusrectios is taken from the s of -sc- in NTL’s 38 instances of verbal root resuscit- (versus 71 of resucit-) in which adverbial sus ‘up’ has been introduced with no alteration of the pronunciation. Wunderli resurreccio.

512. enterognero, the two minims of n in -gn- being clearly joined at the top.

513. ues, for Vg. apud (Douay ‘with’) rendered here as prep. ves. The meaning ‘with’ is conspicuously absent from the definitions ‘vers, envers, contre; en comparaison de’ for PD vas, ves, vais, vaus, vert. Of the three other instances of ves in NTL, Jam 2:4, 1 Pe 2:20, 1 Jo 2:1, note that the first two verses also have ves for apud in NTP (BnF, fr. 2425). Levy's SW citation of the variant vays from the Occitan Archives de Narbonne, 112b, 33 “prometem ... que nos ni nostres successors la senhoria que avem en Narbona nulh temps en pluzors successors no partirem, mas vays .i. successor tan solament per sos temps la dicha senhoria ...” alongside the Latin original “... set apud unum solummodo successorem ... dictum dominium debeat remanere” leaves no doubt as to the meaning ‘with’ for apud. Where the Douay version renders apud as ‘with’, NTL has aprop in 2 Ti 4:13 and a in Mar 10:27 (bis), Luk 1:37, 18:11; 2 Jo 1:12. Not unexpectedly, ab is the most common NTL translation of apud. Wunderli corrects to vec.

514. sabetz, with a missing straight line above -e- for -n-. Wunderli: sabetz.

515. dizetz, with a missing straight line above -e- for -n-.

516. delu; cf. lu for lui also in tonic position in Act 26:26 a lu (ms. alu). See in COM2 an ample number of cases of lu for lui.

517. asaiatz, with a missing straight line for -n- above the third -a-.

518. See Vg. and BnF, lat. 342 (18d12-14) “... ex toto corde tuo. et ex tota anima tua. et in tota mente tua”, as opposed to the order here and in BnF, lat. 343 ((30b2-4) “... ex toto corde tuo. et in tota mente tua. et in tota anima tua” (30b2-4) to which NTL adds “e de totas las tuas forsas” inspired from Mar 12:30.

519. mandametz, with a missing straight line for -n- above -e-.

520. sei; P2 imper. sei (Mat 22:44, Mar 12:36, Luk 20:42, Heb 1:13, Jam 2:3) reflects inf. seire, undocumented in NTL, just as P2 imp. se (Act 2:34, Jam 2:3) belongs to inf. sezer (Mar 12:39, Apo 3:21).

521. sotz ‘under’ added for clarity; cf. NTC “… entro que yo pause li tio (NTZ teo) enemic scamel de li tio (NTZ teo) pe”.

522. Wunderli and Nüesch (NTC) omit the question mark.

523. Vg. and NTC omit in spiritu found in Mat 22:43; BnF, lat. 342 (18d26) inserts it here after David whereas BnF, lat. 343 (30b20) adds it in the margin with an insertion point before David.

524. Ni nofo ausartz, ‘nor dared’; see Jud 1:9 auzartz. Wunderli emends to ausatz, but admits Act 2:29 ausardament, “forme nulle part attestée” (II, p. 122). While this is true, the form ausarde and auzarda are found in COM2. As to auzart, there are several examples, the majority confirmed by being at the rhyme.

525. The paragraph division for chapter 23 begins in the Vulgate here and also in BnF, lat. 342 (18d30) and 343 (30b25).

526. dix, translating Vg. dicens, opens v. 2.

527. enganador, ‘deceitful’, is not in Vg. or BnF 342, 343 or NTC.

528. quel, should be pl. queli; cf. vos diran.

529. noportables, calqued on Lat. importabilis ‘unbearable’.

530. emacnifican, see -cn- for -gn- in 15:11 “poble macnificatz” and Luk 10:7 dicnes.

531. cadeira, requires -s for pl. as for “las primeiras”.

532. Crist, not in Vg., NTC or either of the BnF control texts; cf. note for missing Mat 23:10.

533. v. 10 missing; cf. BnF, lat. 342 (19a18-20) and 343 (30d1-3) “ne uocemini magistri quia magister vester unus est Christus” and NTC “Ni sia appela maistre, car Christ es un lo vostre Maistre”. See, also, Wunderli’s note.

534. clauzentz, with unwanted -n-; cf. NTC, NTZ clauve.

535. orant, omitted and a tilde over -a in longa is poorly erased; cf. Vg. “orationes longas orantes”, whereas BnF, lat. 343 (30d11-12) “simulantes longam orationem”, also in 342 (19a25-26). Wunderli prefers the order (and form) “longa orazo [orantz]”, but we follow NTC “orant longa oracion”.

536. damnament, omitted from Vg. text but included in the apparatus; located between vv. 12 and 13. The BnF control texts more closely parallel our Occitan text: 343 (30d8-13): “Ve autem uobis scribe et pharisei ypocrite. qui deuoratis domos uiduarum. et simulantes longam orationem. ideo accipietis dampnationem maiorem”, also in 342 (19a23-27) with more punctuation.

537. folli, cec; cf. BnF, lat. 342 (19b8) “Stulti ceci”, but 343 (31a3-4) “O stulti. et ceci”.

538. sacrifica: corrected following Vg. and NTC.

539. sacrifica: cf. 23:17.

540. ei-; ei and the beginning of another letter, all cancelled.

541. primirament, incorrect spelling of primeirament.

542. en/de, mistaken for nede, unless a straight line over -e- can be ne-.

543. delabatz, for correct dealbatz ‘whited’.

544. sembatz, mistake for semblatz.

545. e/ deraubairia, instead of raubairia; see PD raubaria ‘vol, brigandage’.

546. eazoratz, for e azornata translating Vg. ornatis; see NTC orna.

547. perai, with missing -sso for per aisso.

548. Wunderli: “ed aquels”.

549. sax, with a missing straight line above -a- for sanx ‘blood’.

550. deeicarias, i.e. de Eicarias for de Zacarias. Wunderli: Ejacarias.

551. generaracio, mistake for generacio.

552. profestas, mistake for profetas.

553. enaua, for e naua with an -a- placed interlinearly between -e- and -n-.

554. dix, after which an expunged ade.

555. ca, clearly in the scribe’s hand, followed by a very small raised n, perhaps added by another hand.

556. PD, s.v. adesmansa, defined as ‘opinion, pensée?’, translates Vg. opiniones ‘reports, rumors’.

557. getz, with a missing straight line above -e- for -n-.

558. mau/ti, a mistake for mouti meaning ‘much’, mont(z) being frequent in NTL; cf. PD, molt, mon, mot ‘beaucoup de; maint’, but not mont.

559. escandalizadi, with an upper part of a scraped z remaining visible between -a- and -l-.

560. omission reconstructed on Vg. and BnF, lat. 342 “et odio habebunt invicem”; verb in NTC “e auciren en eyrament l'un l’autre” is a corruption of original auren as evidenced by NTZ “e auren en yrament l’un l’autre” (Salvioni 1890, p. 33).

561. enganarann, minus the straight line for -n- before final -n for enganaran.

562. deregne, with an interlinear -l- written above -r-.

563. sanch, written in full; the only occurrence in NTL.

564. el, written with interlinear -el- written above the space and -l-.

565. fos; sg. fos is a mistake for pl. fosso. Wunderli: fos.

566. seran, where an ink blot covers the tilde for -n.

567. Vg. Filii hominis, also in BnF, lat 342 (20b14), 343 (32c21-22).

568. Vg. Filii hominis, also in BnF, lat 342 (20b21), 343 (32b5).

569. del.

570. Vg. Filius hominis, also in BnF, lat 342 (20b23), 343 (32b8).

571. del, with an unusual off-stroke at the bottom of l; should be dels as in Mat 13:47 dels cels.

572. co ialiram. de/ lui er tendres (with an ink blot above the m of ram) for Vg. “cum iam ramus eius tener fuerit”, also in BnF controls 342 (20b30-31), 343 (32d17-18). Occ. 3^rd pers. fut. er ‘will be’ can only be singular as also tendres with the subjective case marker -s. Note, however, plural forms in both NTC “Cun li ram de lui saren ia tenre”, and NTZ “cum li ram de luy seren ia tenre”.

573. faitaas, with an open -a- above -a-.

574. tras/sara, with the omission of -pas- for traspassara.

575. See the agreement with NTC “entro que totas cosas sian faytas” and the control texts “generatio hec donec omnia fiant” 343 (32d24-25) and 342 (21a4/5) without the second haec of Vg. “haec generatio donec omnia haec fiant”.

576. paraula, should be pl. paraulas.

577. There follows here a scraped space of the width of two or three letters.

578. There follows here another scraped space of the width of two letters.

579. fil de deu, translating Vg. Filii hominis as also BnF, lat 342 (20a10), 343 (33a5-6).

580. Noe is missing before “ante diluvium” in Vg. and NTC but present in BnF, lat. 343 (33a6-11) as nohe and 342 (20c11) as noe.

581. maniatz, with a straight line for -n- over the second -a- for manjantz.

582. enoceiantz, with pr. part. nocejantz of the inf. nocejar ‘to marry’, the infinitive being derived from Late Lat. *nocidiare (*noc- from nuce, in which long -u- > -o-, plus suffix -idiare); note pl. noszas ‘marriage’ in PD, s.v. nosas, pl. noces.

583. delfil dedeu, translating Vg. “Filius hominis” as also BnF, lat 342 (20c16), 343 (33b14)

584. doi el leit lauser pres elautre sera laissatz, not in Vg, but in 343 (33a16-18) and 342 (20d20-21) as “Duo in lecto: unus assumetur. et unus relinquetur” translated and numbered by Nüesch as v. 42 in NTC.

585. eluellera, originally -a- written between -ll- and -r- in -vellera has been deliberately changed to -e- to form the less usual conditional -era, seen also in laissera.

586. lofil dedeu, translating Vg. Filius hominis, also in BnF, lat 342 (20c28), but note BnF, lat 343 “dominus vester” (33b3); NTC has “lo Filh de la vergena”, the typical Waldensian substitution for “filius hominis”.

587. Quals es; Vg, and both BnF control texts, 342 (20c23-24) and 343 (33b4-5) have “Quis putas est” ‘who thinkest thou is’, but NTC has “Cal es” and NTZ “Qual es”; cf. Mat 18:1.

588. cosers; see the Lat. calque in Mat 18:28.

589. Note; ms. pres. ind. comensa and inf. beure made to agree with fut. manjara; the translation avoids the awkard subjunctives of NTC v. 49 (Nüesch’s v. 50) “e començare ferir li sio eygal serf, mas manie e beva cun li ubriart”, closely rendering Vg. “et coeperit percutere conservos suos manducet autem et bibat cum ebriis” (BnF, 342, 20d8 and 343, 33b19, (with ebriosis).

590. econtra, with a missing straight line over -e- for -n-.

591. The scribe has written .v. in the space between the columns.

592. adomiro, with a raised interlinear -r- between o and m.

593. sodesten/ tas, with an awkward erasure between sodesten/ and -tas at the beginning of the next line.

594. See note for Mat 6:34 avonda.

595. docmentre, undocumented in PD, occurs only in Matthew, here and in 28:13; cf. dementre once in Luk 8:5 versus the many examples of domentre. The presence a second time of “docmentre” in Mat 28:13 prompts its retention.

596. dix, omitted; cf. BnF, lat 342 (21a6), 343 (33d6) ait, and NTC dix, NTZ dis.

597. befantz, for besantz, instead of the required long -s-.

598. elautre, in which prep. a is omitted; cf. NTC, NTZ a.

599. sapropia, with propia translating the Lat. fem. adj. propriam of proprius ‘one’s own, proper; private’. The root of the Occ. translation of Lat. proprius is always written in NTL as ppi with a line coming off the bowl of the second -p- and running back across the bottom line of the first -p- before curving downwards and then slightly backwards. The very same double pp- crossed with the same lines just described appears in Heb 9:5 for the noun propiciatori (Clédat, page 460, col. 1, line 7) translating Stutt. Vg. propitiatorium ‘propitiatory, mercy seat’ can only be propi-, thereby securing our scribe’s intended propi instead of propri.

600. besatz, without the expected straight line for -n- over -a-.

601. presetec, without the expected straight line for -n- over -e-.

602. liuresz, written first with a -tz then afterwards converted into an interlinear arched line turning the top -t- into a long -s- linked to the -z, as opposed to Mat 25:20 liurest.

603. sabta or sabia with a badly formed i; Vg. and BnF, lat 342 (21b6), 343 (34a24) have pr. ind. scio; cf. NTC, NTZ yo say.

604. respondetz, with missing straight line for -n- above -o- for respondentz.

605. níuallos, with unwanted -i-, which should be nuallos, in which -ll- has the value -lh-; cf. PD, nualhos ‘paresseux, indolent’. Wunderli retains nivallos.

606. noco/uengra; note the presence of no in no covengra, a negative not found in the texts usually consulted in our research; for example BnF lat (34b8-12) “Oportuit ergo te mittere [342 (21b14) comitere] peccuniam meam numulariis. et ego ueniens recepissem utique quod meum est cum usura”. Note however NTL covengra no and NTC, NTZ non covenia, and especially Salvioni’s punctuation of this verse: “Donca non covenia a tu metre la mia pecunia a li cambiador? E acer yo venent aguesso receopu czo que era meo con gang”. Note nit ‘not’ in the first printed German bible (ca. 1466): “Dorumb gezame dir nit mein gut zelegen zu den wechslern”, etc.: see W. Kurrelmeyer, Die Erste Deutsche Bibel, vol. 1, Tübingen, 1904, p. 98.

607. toletz, withough the interlinear straight line for -n- over -e- for tolentz.

608. nopro/feitos, calqued on Lat. inutilis ‘unprofitable, profitless’.

609. Vg. tenebras exteriores is translated in Mat 8:21 as “las tenebras plus preondas” and 21:13 as “las tenebras pus preondas”; cf. NTC “las foranas tenebras”.

610. lofil dedeu; cf. Filius hominis in BnF, lat 342 (21b24), 343 (34b23).

611. epozes/ezetz; with unwanted -ze- for pos/ezetz; cf. NTC P5 imper. possese.

612. onut/ equet cubrisem. ocante uim os/de equet alberguesem; the surmounted inverted phrases beginning with o ‘or’ have been redistributed here for understanding; cf. BnF, lat. 342 “Quando autem te uidimus hospitem et collegimus te? Aut nudum.et cooperuimus te?” (21c10-15) with the same syntax in BnF, lat. 343 (34c25-d1-2). O ‘or’ in “O can te vim osde” may come from a bad reading of aut + titulus for autem ‘but’; cf. NTC “Mas cant veguen nos tu oste e reculhen tu, o nu e cuberguen tu?”. Wunderli retains the order in the ms.

613. Vg. has aut ‘or’, but registers in the apparatus et ‘and’ in several manuscripts; BnF, lat 342 (21c16), 343 (34d4) both have aut, which agrees with NTC o and the other Waldensian translations.

614. elfil de/de; Vg. “et Filius hominis”, also in BnF, lat 342 (21d12), 343 (35a14).

615. ne; a copy of the Vg. Lat. conj. ne ‘lest’ as in “ne forte tumultus fieret in populo”, ‘lest perhaps there should be made a tumult’, with the subjunctive, vs. non, in ‘if by chance there should be made a tumult’, cf. NTC “non fossa faita”, NTZ “non fos fayta”, in which there is Occ. expletive non, where “per aventura” has the force of ‘if’. For the construction, see Jensen (1994, §§ 588, 666-668, 671, 672). Wunderli retains ne, which can be justified, given the presence of the indicative, seria, not as an expletive ne (inadmissible as a negative in Occ.), but as the completive ne, which is the translator’s subtle solution in NTL.

616. elamaso, in which maso has a superscribed -i- over the -a- for maiso.

617. Vg. alabastrum; cf. NTC vaysel meaning ‘vase made of alabaster’.

618. sonbrel cap dels repausantz; BnF, lat. 343 “super caput ipsius re/cumbentis” (35b4-5) and 342 “super caput ipsius re/cumbentis” (21d, 24-25); NTC “sobre lo cap de lui meseyme repausant”. Wunderli retains the plural.

619. lui; understand “sera dig ad aisso que aquesta fe en remenbransa de lei” as ‘it will be spoken of that which this woman did, in remembrance of her’.

620. princep, for which pl. princeps is required.

621. argetz, with a missing straight line for -n- over -e- for argentz.

622. Vg. Filius … hominis, also in BnF, lat 342 (22b1), 343 (35d6).

623. Vg. Filius hominis, also in BnF, lat 342 (22b3), 343 (35d8).

624. farais, with a superfluous first -a-.

625. localit; see note on calit in Mat 10:42.

626. dizetz, with a missing straight line for -n- across -e- for dizentz.

627. beuretz, clearly a mistake for 1^st pers. beurai.

628. The omission of the string “uobiscum nouum in regno patris mei” in a Latin model seems less probable than the loss of the string “... novel ab vos el regne del meu paire” which possibly occupied a whole line in an Occitan model; cf. the syntax of NTC “... novel cun vos al regne del mio Paire”. See the comments on mio Paire at Mar 14:25.

629. edic un/ne, in which the p. part. dit is required for Lat. “hymno dicto”. Note the translation of Lat. hymnus as imne here, but as lauzor(s) in Mar 14:26, Eph 5:19 and Col 3:16, and also for this verse in NTC and NTZ. Wunderli reads unne correctly in the ms., however, he fails to find the form elsewhere, and it is not present in the COM database.

630. e, inserted interlinearly, is unwarranted, given that et is absent from both Latin control texts as well as from NTC and NTZ.

631. The locative adverb celà ‘yonder’, written with an accent on the oxytonic syllable to distinguish it from the fem. dem. adj. cela (in Rom 2:28), may well be a hapax legomenon. It derives from the Latin emphatic particle ECCE + adv. ILLAC ‘that way, on that side, there’; cf. the synonymous Gasc. adv. acerà, which Simin Palay defines in his dictionary as ‘au loin, là-bas, là-haut’, with a- that could be from *ACCE ILLAC, with rhotacism of -LL-, or from ECCE ILLAC giving *ecerà, the e- of which was changed to a- under the influence of antonymous acì ‘here’; cf. Occ. ailà, ailai, synonyms of là, lai, which have probably taken the ai- of aicì.

632. dix asos decipols; cf. Vg. and BnF, lat. 343 (36b7-8) and 342 (22c7) have “ait illis”, and NTC, NTZ “dis a lor”.

633. o/ratz, with a missing straight line for -n- over -a- for orantz.

634. La meus, requiring Lo for meus.

635. enperaisso, a variant spelling of emperaisso translating Lat. verumtamen ‘nevertheless’. Note the absence of emperaisso in PD, where one finds empero with the same meaning.

636. doment, with an -r- inserted interlinearly between -o- and -m-.

637. cairs, with stroked -i-, for carns ‘flesh’. Wunderli has retained cairs, against the normal forms, car, carn and carns. Carn is the resolution of Vg. caro across the textual tradition in all Occ. versions. Should cairs be emended? No other example of such a form has been found in the COM database, but this may be a hapax, under the influence of Fr. chair. It is written so deliberately that it may well be authentic.

638. als seus/ decipols, an insertion not found elsewhere in our searches; cf. 342 (22c23-24) and 343 (26c2-4) “Et uenit iterum et inuenit eos dormentes”: cf. NTC, NTZ “E venc dereco e trobe lor dorment”.

639. Elfil dedeu, for Vg. “Filius hominis”, also in BnF, lat 342 (22c31), 343 (36c12).

640. ai cel, with the -e- written over an imperfectly erased -a-.

641. uec, with a missing straight line for -n- over -e- for venc.

642. qual causa uols, an interpretative translation of BnF, lat. 343 (34d4) “ad quod venisti?”; cf. NTC’s literal “a la cal cosa venguis?”, NTZ “a la qual cosa venguies?”.

643. A poorly executed erasure follows, the last two letters of which are os (vos?)

644. tenquesz. Wunderli retains tenquesz.

645. Mais … tenebras; BnF, lat. 343 (27a2-3) and 342 (22d27-28) “Set hec est hora uestra. et potestas tenebrarum”; cf. Vg. Luk 22:53 53 “cum cotidie vobiscum fuerim in templo non extendistis manus in me sed haec est hora vestra et potestas tenebrarum”.

646. coniuri; cf. co- in Mar 5:7 con- and con- in Act 19:13 coniuri written in full.

647. enperisso; cf. Mat 26:39.

648. The letter A is expunged before daici.

649. Vg. “Filius hominis”, also in BnF, lat 342 (23a23), 343 (37b13).

650. The reconstructed omission can be explained as a jump from Vg. blasphemavit to word-final blasphemiam or, as assumed here, from an Occitan model with a jump from mal a dig to maldig, hence the choice to reconstruct maldig here; cf. also Mat 15:19 blasphemiae, and NTC: “perque besognen encara de testimoni? Ve vos ara auves blastema”.

651. veiare, with missing -i- between -a- and -r-, in a question meaning ‘What does it seem to you in this matter?’. Note the reduced form ·us, itself a reduced form of vos; cf. “quid vobis videtur”, translated thus by Louis Segond: “Que vous en semble?” See BnF, lat 342 (23a29), 343 (37b21-22) “Quid uobis uidetur?”. Note Mat 26:66 NTC “Cal cosa es vista a vos?” and NTZ “Qual cosa es vist a vos?”. Wunderli: “que·us es vejare?”.

652. latu, with missing -a for tua.

653. escumergar translates Vg. detestari ‘to curse, execrate’, which occurs in the New Testament only in this verse; PD, s. v. escomengar, defines it only as ‘excommunier’. Although that entry includes adj. escomengat ‘profane’, Peter’s cursing does not involve profane language (Fr. “jurons”). The meaning ‘to curse’ (Fr. “maudire”) here is synonymous with that of Church Latin anathematizare in Mar 14:71 ‘to invoke upon oneself a curse from God’; Peter is calling upon himself a divine curse if what he is about to say is not true, in order to underscore the credibility of his oath. Oddly, NTC and NTZ render detestari as testimoniiar (PD, s. v. testimoniar ‘témoigner’), an error introduced by someone who misread detestari as testari ‘to bear witness’.

654. senhor ihesu; the two Latin control texts, BnF, lat 342 (23b18), 343 (37c25), have only abbreviated ih’u for Jesu without the honorific title “Dominus Iesus” found in NTL “Senhor Jesu”. Note NTC Yhesu and NTZ Yesus, but Spanish Ms. Escurialense I.j.6 “Ihesu Christo”.

655. Emenerone, in which a missing dir. obj. l for the noun ‘him’ is required; cf. NTC “E meneron lui”. Wunderli: “E menero ne”.

656. Pontz omitted, and reinstated (cf. NTC, NTZ). pre- in 13 of our 14 instances of prebost and preboide have -re- abbreviated with a surmounted inverted question mark. Act 23:26 per|bost with per- written in full at the end of the line does not compel us to expand the surmounted inverted question mark here and elsewhere as -er- despite that abbreviation in word final position in primer (see note for Mar 13:9 preboides); cf. impossible ms. Mar 14:22 pret. P3 of penre, pers for pres at the end of a line, and see the note for Act 23:26 prebost. Initial per- with abbreviated -er- is typically written as p- with a line through the descender, and that is never the case in the initial syllable in prebost and preboide.

657. airgent, with a cancelled -i-.

658. princep, pl. -s required.

659. lasz, ‘snare, halter’ for laqueus; cf. PD, s.v. latz ‘lacs, lacet’.

660. uo/letz, instead of no letz; cf. BnF, lat. 342 (23c4), 343 (37d23) “Non licet”, and NTC “Non lei”, NTZ “Non ley”.

661. ela lengua delor, cf. “lingua eorum” in BnF, lat. 343 (f. 38a2), but not in BnF, 342 (f. 23c8-10). This insertion can be compared to Act 1:19 “apelatz Acheldemac en la lenga de lor”.

662. argetz, with the omission of a straight line for -n- above -e-.

663. eteroquec, the -q- being unmistakeable; cf. the -c- in verb stem enteroc- in Luk 9:45, Joh 21:12, 1 Co 10:27 and in the sg. noun 1 Pe 3:21 enterocatios. The twenty-two NTL roots with [g] in enterog- outnumber the four with [k]; cf. Lat. interrogare ‘to ask, question, inquire, interrogate’. The substitution of [k] for Lat. [g] requires further investigation.

664. maioals, with an interlinear -r- inserted between -o- and -a-.

665. azalcu/na paraula, a literal translation of “ad ullum uerbum”; cf. BnF, lat. 343 (38a22-23) “Et non respondit ei ad ul/lum uerbum ...” and the English Douay version: “And he answered to him never a word, ...”.

666. BnF, lat. 343 (38b2-4) “habebat autem tunc unum uinctum insignem qui dicebatur Barabbas” does not have the phrase “qui propter homi/idium missus fuerat in carcerem” in 342 (23c27-28); cf. NTC “lo cal era mes en carcer per homecidi”.

667. destrozis.

668. NTL reconstruction: 2Qual [dels .ii. voletz esser laissat a vos? Mais eli dixero: Baraban. Dix Pilat ad els: Donca qual] causa”, etc.; cf. Vg. “respondens autem praeses ait illis quem vultis vobis de duobus dimitti at illi dixerunt Barabban dicit illis Pilatus quid igitur faciam de Iesu qui dicitur Christus”. A jump from qual to qual seems more probable in an Occitan model than a jump from quem to quid in a Latin text being translated into Occitan; cf. cal twice in NTC: “Mas lo prevost respondent dis a lor: Cal de li dui vole esser laisa a vos? Mas ilh diseron: Barabam. Pilat dis a lor: Donca cal cosa farei de Yhesu, lo cal es dit Christ?”, etc.

669. quid.

670. Mais.

671. no-zentz; see the note at Mat 12:7.

672. omits [batut]; cf. BnF, lat. 343 “Ihesum| autem flagellatum tradi|dit eis”, etc. (38c14-16) and NTC “mas Yesu liore a lor batu”.

673. p<l>egantz corana, in which the first -a- of corana should be -o- for corona.

674. canp, with an unwarranted straight line for -n- above -a-, is a mistake for cap; cf. Lat. caput ‘head’.

675. iuzeseu, a mistake for iuzeus.

676. lauesti/menta uermella, with no mention of the color vermella just as is its absence also in BnF, lat 342 (24a5) and 343 (28d7).

677. eissetz, in which an original -a- in issetz was changed to -e- so imperfectly that the remaining bowl of the -a- before -e- can be mistakenly read as the digraph æ; a similar correction in the Ritual has led to the bad reading moutæza (see Clédat, p. 472b13).

678. entrepretatz, missing in 342 (24a9-10) and 343 (38d15-16) “quod est caluarie locus” rendered in NTC simply as “lo cal es luoc de calvaria”. The addition of entrepretatz may have been taken from Mat 1:23.

679. abfel, ‘with gall’.

680. The Stuttgart Vulgate omits the text following “sortem mittentes”. What follows in NTL is found in both our BnF control texts and in NTC.

681. denezare, in which the first -e- of nezare has been expunged and changed to an interlinear superscribed -a-.

682. The Latin interjection vah ‘ah!, oh!’, omitted in the Stuttgart Vulgate, is seen as BnF, lat. 342 (24a25) Va and 343 (39a11) Vah, and is rendered in NTC as vac and in NTZ as uach (p. 40, line 6; p. 62, l. 31). Should vai be understood as the imperative of anar? Matfre Ermengaud’s “e vai t’en” at the end of his description of the scene described here may indicate that interpretation; cf. BRV, vv. 23603-23611: “Mantenen ilh tengro via/, et, adoncs, silh que passavo/ per la via lo trufavo/ e dizian, lur cap moven/ e lur isquern de lui fazen/: “Iest tu cell que·l temple desfass/ e dedins .iii. iorns lo refass/? Si est filhs de Dieu, fai o parven!/ Dichen de la crotz e vai t’en!”. See Mar 15:29 for the translation of va as vai also in the parallel passage.

683. nompot with curved tilde for [m] before bilabial [p] for non pot.

684. adautauam, from inf. adautar ‘to please’, a mistake for adantar ‘to cover with shame, dishonour; to reproach’, q. v. PD; cf. BnF, lat. 342 (24b6), 343 (39b2-3) “impropera|bant ei” ‘insulted him’. Wunderli: adautavan.

685. auzetz, with a missing straight line -n- over -e- for auzentz.

686. muplic, for umplic.

687. umplic una espongia de vinagre, a happy translation of “accepta spongia impleuit aceto” ‘having taken a sponge, filled [it] with vinegar’; cf. the added object pronoun la in NTC “receopua sponga, umplic la d’aci”.

688. Wunderli: li.

689. Mais … sanc, added in BnF 342 (24b18-20) and 343 (39b22-24), but not in NTC or NTZ; cf. in the W-W apparatus, the codex Armachanus “+ alius autem, accepta lancea, pupugit latus eius; et exiit aqua et sanguis”.

690. derescanps, with unwanted -n- as a straight line above -a- for rescaps.

691. sanhs; one of the rare instances where sanhs is written in full.

692. o of lo hidden by a “fuite d’encre”.

693. gardantz, first written with -sz, then corrected to -tz, as seen by the incomplete erasure of the upper stroke of long s.

694. e/ra, required as pl. eran.

695. s/irrentz, with a first clear -r-, then a second -r- that is probably a minim followed by the very beginning of another minim intended to form the -u- of siruentz.

696. uec, with a missing straight line for -n- over -e- for venc. Wunderli: vec.

697. euolopec; see note for Mar 15:46 avolopec.

698. reuos, with an interlinear raised -l- between -o- and -s.

699. la/parellament; the day on which the Jews made preparations for the observance of the Sabbath; cf. Vg. Lat. parasceve, Gr. paraskevé, variously translated as Mat 27:62 “l’aparellament”, Mar 15:42 venres, Luk 23:54 pareisse[n]tz (see pertinent note), Joh 19:14 “lo vendres de Pasca”, 31 “vendres, l’aparelhamentz”.

700. recordat, from an ink blot probably covering an -e- before incorrect recordet, in which the -e- before -t is expunged and replaced by superscript -a- to give recordat.

701. uim, a mistaken translation of Lat. vivens ‘living’; cf. NTC, NTZ vivent. Wunderli emends to viu.

702. loues per, with an ink blot above and between u- and -e- for lo uespre.

703. appears to be iemer instead of temer because the upper part of the t- is not visible.

704. dels mortz, found in the Codex Fuldensis, but not in the Stuttgart Vulgate or BnF, lat 342 (24d21), 343 (40b9), NTC or NTZ.

705. odenant dig, containing denant-dig, calqued on Lat. praedixi ‘told before, foretold’.

706. contra corec, calqued on Lat occurrit ‘ran toward’.

707. etanu|ciero, in which anuciero is missing the interlinear straight line for -n- above -u-.

708. cauai|res, for cauaiers ‘soldiers’, a spelling absent from PD, but well documented in NTL and COM2.

709. eues, translated in the Douay version as ‘among’; cf. in PD, s.v envers, prep. enves and envas, the likely sources of NTL eves (only instance), and evas (7 instances).

710. E per aisso a|naz eissenhatz, in which anaz is missing the interlinear straight line -n- over the second -a-; cf. Vg. “euntes ergo docete”.

Mar

711. The Gospel of Mark begins with v. 1:20 in the very fragmented manuscript of BnF, fr. 2425.

712. INi.ci om. scancti, sci- with a titulus over -ci for sancti for Lat. “Initium sancti”; Lat. sancti is omitted in BnF, lat 342 (25b1-2): “Inicium euangelii ihesu christi filii dei” and 343 (41c15-20) “Inicivm evangelii ihesv christi filii Dei”.

713. del fil de daui, corruption of filii dei; cf. Vg. Dei (and BnF, lat 342 (25b2), 343 (41c19-20)) and NTC, NTZ Dio.

714. eu, mistake for en. Wunderli retains Davi.

715. ⁷¹⁵  Wunderli corrects to regio.

716. “procumbens” in Vg. and BnF, lat. 342 (25b21), 343 (41d23); NTC “en caient”, NTZ “en cagent”.

717. dia, pl. dias required.

718. apropiara; cf. the future tense in BnF, lat. 342 (25c10), 343 (43a20/21) “adpropinquabit” against Vg. “adpropinquavit”. See NTC, NTZ fut. “s’apropiare”.

719. dddelor, with cancelled dd- for de lor.

720. Qui for Que. Wunderli retains Qui.

721. Vg.: Simonis, which NTC and NTZ follow.

722. malavens. Wunderli malaves.

723. See NTC “tuit li mal avent e li avent demoni”, and BnF, lat. 343 (42d2-3) “omnes male habentes. et demonia habentes”, whereas BnF, lat. 342 (25d21) omits “et demonia habentes”, as does NTP “tot los malautes”.

724. lai/ssauan, with a straight line for -n- over -a, but read sg. laissava; cf. Vg.: sinebat.

725. el, preserved here and in Mar 4:33 as a subject P6 pl. pron.; cf. the same in Mar 4:33; Anglade 1921, p. 245, cites pl. elh given as rare. Perhaps pronounced as in -lh; cf. single l for -lh- in Mar 1:34 trebaladi and Luk 4:18 trabalatz.

726. presenteirament; cf. PD, s.v. prezentament ‘présentation’, Vg. adv. manifeste ‘openly’, translated elsewhere in NTL as manifestament.

727. ms. menan as a translation of Vg. venerunt is inexplicable. Cf. NTC, NTZ vengron.

728. escarnix; -x for -s, common in pr. ind. dix < dicit ‘he says’; cf. Mat 9:3 escarnis.

729. cf. also NTP “per lo Sant Esperit”, as in BnF, lat 342 (26b7) “spiritu sancto” opposed to BnF, lat. 343 (43b17-18) “spiritu suo” with Vg. “spiritu suo” and NTC “per lo sio sperit”.

730. que lo; lo, with diminished form of o.

731. e dix, but no conj. before “ait paralitico” in BnF, lat. 342 (26b14) or 343 (43b26-43c1); lacking also in Vg., NTP “dis al paraliticat” and NTC “dis al paralatic”.

732. aital meraujlha for Vg., BnF, lat. 342 (26b19), 343 (43c8-9) “Quia numquam sic uidimus” in which sic is rendered as NTP “son senblant” and NTC “enaisi”.

733. ms. Torrnatz.

734. leui alphei; Vg. “Levin Alphei”, BnF, lat. 342 “leui alfei” (26b23), 343 “leui alphei” (43c13).

735. pausavan; but cf. Vg. “cum accumberet”.

736. see note for Mat 8:14 maso.

737. qualun; see note for Mat 9:15 qua; lun with -n for -nh.

738. qua long tenps; see note for Mat 9:15 qua.

739. Noment.

740. dauant anar, calque on Vg. praegredi.

741. ane.

742. coita ‘need’; cf. PD, s.v. cocha, ‘besoin’; cf. Vg. “necessitatem habuit et esuriit”, NTC “ac besogna e fameie”.

743. Lobsabtes.

744. gardaua, with a missing straight line for -n above final -a for a required plural; see pl. acuseso.

745. et esgardansz euirosi els alaira, in which the al- of alaira should be ab ira; cf. BnF, lat. 342 (26b20), 343 (11-12) “et circumspiciens eos cum ira”, and NTC “E encerque regardant lor cun ira”; cf. the syntax of Mar 3:34 “Et esgardantz viro si cels …”.

746. de, erased to accommodate following “e de”.

747. etabidumea, with Lat. ab ‘from’ brought into the Occitan text instead of de; cf. Vg. “et ab Hierosolymis et ab Idumea”.

748. sur esaiet; Vg. “Tyrum et Sidonem” ‘Tyre and Sidon’ called in Mat 11:21 and 22 Tir and Sidonia, but in Mat 15:21 Sur and Sidonia. For the spelling Sajet, cf. Luk 6:18 Sagetz.

749. vengo; in place of vengro; cf. Vg. venerunt. See Grafström 1968, pp. 129, 131-132.

750. cf. NTC “mas alcanti alcanti avian plagas”, where mas corresponds to NTL mais, both reflecting BnF, lat. 343 (44c10) quotquot enim rather than 342 (27a6) et quot quot, which differ from Vg. “quotquot habebant plagas”. Note the NTL translation toti for quotquot ‘as many as’ versus NTC “alcanti alcanti”.

751. es < IPSE.

752. [ab lui] missing; cf. NTC “cun lui”, NTZ “con luy”, Vg. “cum illo”, and BnF, lat. 342 (27a13) and 343 (44c21) “cum illo”.

753. leuangeli; not in NTC, NTZ or the Vg. and BnF, lat. 342 (27a14) and 343 (44c22/23) after predicare.

754. traiss, with a surmounted u-shaped wavy line over t- for tr-.

755. sg. obj. case [diable] skipped over; BnF, lat. 342 (27b3-4), 343 (44d24-25) “Quomodo potest sathanas sathan eicere?”; cf. NTC “Lo Setenaç, en cal maniera po gitar lo Satanaç?”.

756. esi, understand “e si” as “en si”; cf. Vg. “in se”.

757. cum seleuara; cum is suppressed here because it is a faulty reading of Lat. consurrexit; note the end of line separation of cum- and con- in BnF, lat. 342 (27b8-9) “et si sathanas cum/surrexit” and 343 (45a4-5) “et si Satanas con/surrexit”. Elsewhere in Mat 2:14, 24:7 and Mar 13:12 consurgere is translated correctly as forms of se levar; cf. NTP “s’eslevara” and NTC “se levare”. Wunderli retains cum.

758. maissia. Cf. Vg. “sed finem habet”, NTC “mas a fin”.

759. dels, added interlinearly above homes.

760. Vet/ te, for “Vec te”; cf. in Mar 3:34 “Vec te”.

761. in which the unerased bowl of the first -a- in sezaa is pointed and the second is surmounted with a straight line for -n.

762. Wunderli wrongly indicates the folio reference as f. 34ra, instead of f. 34rb.

763. dizia, minus ad els; cf. Mar 3:23 “dizia ad els” for Vg. “dicebat eos”, BnF, lat. 342 (27c5), 343 (45b15) “dicebat illis”, NTP “dizia lur”, NTC “dicia a lor”.

764. loseme/nantz, literal translation of Vg. seminans ‘one sowing’; cf. NTP semenaire, NTC semenador.

765. This discussion centers on the Gospel of Mark since the three instances of the form frug only appear there (4:7, 4:8, 12:2). There can be no doubt that the -g in Mark in gaug (4:16, etc.) and meg (3:3, etc.) is pronounced as the voiceless affricate [ts]. The -ig in poig (5:11), puig (9:8, etc.), and trastoig (1:27, etc.) probably has the same pronunciation; cf. the rime in COM2 in Daude de Pradas’ Quatre vertutz cardinals (QVC, ll. 115-16): “Et un proverbi dizon tuig/ que sens rescost non porta frug”. reg (6:25) and regs (6:22, 26) surely have the pronunciation [ts] found in modern Catalan toponyms retaining reig ‘king’; cf. Mat 2:1 reig. Past participial escrig (Mat 7:6, etc.) gets its analogical -g from dig (Anglade 1921, p. 138). None of those words with affricate -g comes from Lat. -CT-. However, past participle dig < DICTU (Mar 13:23, 14:16) could share that etymological group with frug, if it derives from FRŪCTU, but that is by no means certain. Inasmuch as the -g can only be pronounced [k] in the two instances of P3 pr. ind. and impt. seg (Mar 9:37, 10:21) from segre and P3 pret. seg (Mar 11:2) from sezer, frug could be an alternate spelling of fruc < *FRŪGU discussed in the note on fruc in Mar 4:19.

766. See the note for frug at Mar 4:7.

767. qui. Whereas NTC and NTZ read que, we follow Wunderli’s emendation. He cites Vg. “ut videntes videant et non videant”. The presence of the definite article, li, accompanying vezentz and auzent (absent in NTC and NTZ), justifies this reading.

768. qui.

769. Wunderli’s emendation, necessary to a clear reading, is provided by reference to Vg.: “nequando convertantur et dimittantur eis peccata”. The force of nequando perhaps accounts for the absence of the second “[non]” in NTC and NTZ.

770. enonarazitz, in which the first a is noted by a surmounted u-shaped wavy line, in which n’ has the meaning of Fr. en; understand: ‘and there are no roots’. See no n’es in Luk 17:18.

771. This form is preferable to Wunderli’s “qu·e”.

772. Unfortunately, the four occurrences of fruc in NTL (Mar 4: 19, 20, 28, 29) were missed in an earlier study of the origin of fruc and its geographic extent in Harris 1982. The rime fruc / suc (ll. 15, 17 of La Vida de sant Honorat (RICKETTS & HERSHON 2007, p. 147) leaves no doubt as to the pronunciation [fryk / syk]. Since we have [fryk] in the 4 verses in NTL, book of Mark, that pronunciation may not be limited to the region postulated in the study, namely the western region of Provence, extending northward into the Dauphiné (at Embrun), and then eastwardly into the area of the Cottio-Alpine regions, home of the Dauphinais mystery plays, and finally into the Transalpine Valleys from which our few surviving medieval Waldensian religious texts come. Having made a case for the original translation of the New Testament of Ms. PA 36 being the work of Waldensians rather than Cathars (HARRIS 2006a), it leads us to think that the copyist brought fruc over into his copy from the Occitan line written underneath the Latin line in the Waldensian manuscript before him. fruc cannot derive from FRŪCTUM, acc. of m. FRŪCTUS, as others have postulated. Nor does it derive directly from rarely used FRŪX (commonly cited as FRŬX) or its accusative FRŪGEM, displaced most often by f. pl. FRŪGĒS. In Rhetia and adjacent northern Italian provinces, one finds forms akin to Trentine frua ‘produce’ which must come from *FRŪGA; see Meyer-Lübke, REW 3546 FRUX (for FRŪX). In later Latinity, m. FRŪCTUS took on the neuter gender opening the way for a neuter pl. FRŪTA, source of the feminine collective nouns Oc. fru(i)ta and frucha, Cat., Sp., Ptg. fruta; cf. It. sg. and pl. frutta. Likewise, fem. pl. FRŪGĒS (nom. and acc.) became a collective neuter noun, thereby giving birth to neut. pl. *FRŪGA, from which inevitably came the singular counterparts nom. *FRŪGUS and acc. *FRŪGU(M), source of Oc. fruc; cf. for -c Lat. VAGU(M) > vac ‘roaming, wandering’, etc. and the proper name of Germanic origin, HUGO > Uc. For a detailed discussion, see the HARRIS 1982, pp. 155-167.

773. lunieira; cf. Luk 11:34 lumneira, 12:35 lumneiras; Php 2:15 lum/neiras, and also in COM2 PAV15 lumneira. PD gives only luminiera, lumniera ‘lumière’.

774. Wunderli omits the question mark.

775. ereissedase for Vg. exsurgat; exsurgere is elsewhere translated as (se) levar; cf. NTP leve, NTC se leve. PD, s.v. reisidar, refl. vb. ‘se réveiller’, gives no variant reisedar, nor does Anglade 1921 (p. 60) who, citing A. Thomas, Mélanges d’étymologie française (Paris, 1902) p. 124, postulates for EXCǏTĀRE a Vulgar Latin doublet EXCĪTĀRE to account for the -i- of eissidar; cf. -i- in NTP Mar 4:38 reycidar and OFr. esciter. The tonic -e- of NTL reisseda reflects the form with -ǐ-; the vowel in question is lost in Mar 4:38 reixdero.

776. Acu asemblarei, for a cu plus P1 fut. asemblarei meaning ‘to what shall I compare’, found also as P1 fut. also in NTP a cui asenblaray. See however P4 in Vg., BnF, lat. 343 (46b7) adsimilabimus, 342 (28a12) asimilabimus, and NTC resimilharen. See Luk 7:43 acu, for a cu meaning ‘to whom’.

777. oacui, for o a cui, that is, ‘or to what’; see in COM2 a cu and a cui ‘to whom’ and ‘to what’, both very well represented.

778. es faita; Vg. et fit, BnF, lat. 342 (28a18), 343 (26b14) et fit, and NTC, NTZ e es fait. Wunderli omits et.

779. el, P6 pl. pron.; see note for Mar 1:34 el. Wunderli’s interpretation, “que·l” betrays the sense of the verse.

780. que eran enau. et autras naus/ eran; cf. Vg. “ut erat in navi et aliae naves erant”.

781. el flum; for various translations of Lat. fluctus, see note at Mar 7:25.

782. ceruigal; PD defines cervigal as ‘crâne’; the word in Vg. “supra cervical dormiens” denotes, not the cranium, but a pillow or bolster.

783. reix/dero with loss of e or i at the end of the line; -x- in reix- is a variant spelling of [s] as in dixeron that follows and Mat 8:30 paixian but Mar 5:14 paissian; see the note at Mar 4:27 reisseda. Wunderli retains reixdero.

784. Maestre … que periam; cf. Vg. “magister non ad te pertinet quia perimus” ‘Master, does it not concern thee that we perish’, as in NTC “O maistre, non se perten a tu, car nos peren?”; NTL ‘Master, we awaken thee because we were perishing’ is a meaning that finds no support in BnF, lat. 342 (28b3-4), 343 (46c11-12).

785. eleutz, with only the bottom of a surmounted u-shaped wavy line over -ut-, for -n- between -u- and -t- for e levantz. Wunderli: “Elevantz”.

786. uetz, with a missing interlinear straight line for -n- over -e-, thus ventz.

787. See note to Mar 3:8.

788. Vg. “in regionem Gerasenorum”, BnF, lat. 342 (28b13/14) “in regione ge/rasenorum”, 343 (46c25/26) “in regio/nem gerasenorum”; cf. NTC “en la region de li Gerasenio”.

789. Issiro delanau. Eissa ora correc; BnF, lat 342 (28b14-15), 343 (46c26-d2) “et exeunti ei de naui. statim occurrit”.

790. rumpia; see Mat 12:1 note.

791. domd/ra.

792. ablas peira.

793. delun; lun, a variant of lon or lonh does not appear in PD, s.v. lonh; cf. lun ‘far’. The -nh- in Mat 11:27 lunh, Luk 23:53 lunhs, fem. Mat 21:19, Mar 8:23, Luk 23:14 lunha, et al. may indicate the palatalization of -n in lun; cf. also lun for lunh < NŪLLU(M) ‘not any, none, no’, discussed in a note at Luk 23:41.

794. con/iuri.

795. See the discussion of -ig in the note for Mar 18:12 puitz.

796. Missing paissentz, reconstructed on Luk 8:32 paissentz; cf. Vg. and BnF, lat 342 (28c4), 343 (47a2) pascens.

797. egardauan los li diabli, emended on Mar 5:10 “pregava lo” for “deprecabatur eum”; cf. Vg. “et deprecabantur eum spiritus”, BnF, lat 342 (28c5) “et deprecabantur eum demones”, 343 (47a2-3) “Et deprecabantur eum multum spiritus”, and NTP “E·l demoni pregavan lo”, NTC “E li sperit pregavan lui”. Wunderli retains gardavan.

798. Alternate spelling of P6 obj. elhs, form never replacing usual NTL els; cf. Mat 9:17 veils for more common velhs.

799. intreo.

800. duna lega; quite different from Vg. “ad duo milia”, which also differs from 342 (28c10-11), 343 (47a10) “erant autem duo milia”; NTC “encerque duy milha” appears to offer a distance of two miles (one league being 3.0 statute miles or 4.8 kilometers) to the sea instead of an account of the number of pigs, as also NTP “et eran entorn doa milia”.

801. enumciero, with a wavy tilde for -m- replacing the usual -n- before -ci- in numciero.

802. pfait.

803. Cumptero.

804. ecumta.

805. ela terra de .x.ciutatz; Vg. “in Decapoli”, the translation perhaps made from a marginal gloss for Decapolis.

806. nostre se/nher; Vg. Iesus, BnF lat (28c29), 343 (47b7) ihesus; NTC Yhesu, NTP Jesus.

807. prin/cep.

808. ianus; Vg. Iairus, BnF, lat 342 iairus (28d4), 343 yayrus (47b13); NTP Jarus, NTC Jairus.

809. avia emperfudi; corrected to “era em perfudi”, ‘had an issue of blood’. Wunderli retains “avia emperfudi”, and comments: “Il semble que la forme préfixée ne soit attestée nulle part ailleurs”. Among the mss. of the Waldensian tradition, NTL alone uses perfudi, here and in Luc 8:43, which gives the amended form. Wunderli accepts “era em perfudi” in Luc, but neither comments on it nor shows an entry in the glossary. In all mss., the verb era is to be found, whether the noun following en is enferme(t)a, corament or decorament.

810. r.xii.

811. sufretas, with -re- in full; cf. p. part. Mat 27:19 sufertas with -er- written in full. Wunderli retains sufretas.

812. esgardantz uiro/ si uezer lui que aisso fe; cf. NTC “E encerque regardava veser lei la cal avia fait ayço”. Vg. “et circumspiciebat videre eam quae hoc fecerat”, the reading in BnF, lat 342 (28d26-27), 343 (47d19-21) with que for quae. There is no reason, however, to change the reading, retained also by Wunderli.

813. empatz for en patz with assimilation of [n] to bilabial [p] as [m].

814. trebalas lomaestre; omitted, is the translation for Vg. ultra, translated  in Mar 7:12 as “d’aqui enant”; cf. ultra in BnF 342 (29a4), 343 (47d6).

815. Selon Vg.

816. Tabita cumi./aisso es tosa atu dic. Leuasus; cf. Vg. “talitha cumi quod est interpretatum puella tibi dico surge”; BnF, lat. 342 (29a19-20) “Tabita cumi. quod est interpretatum …”, 343 (47d25-26) “Thabita cummi. quod est interpretatum …”; the absence of a translation for interpretatum appears to be intentional since aisso es alone translates Lat. “quod est interpretatum” also in Mar 15:34.

817. paro; cf. temor ‘fear’ in NTC “... e s’estabusiron de grant temor”, and BnF, lat 342 (29a23-24), 343 (48a4-5) “et obstupuerunt stupore maximo”.

818. Vg. “et egressus inde”, BnF, lat 342 (29a26), 343 (48a8), NTP “Et issit d’aqui”, NTC “E issi d’aqui”.

819. Vg. scandalizabantur, BnF, lat 342 (29b6-7) scandalizabantur, 343 schandalizabantur (48a23), NTP “eran escandalizat”, NTC “eran scandeleia”.

820. ornor.

821. The scribe first wrote ca- and then changed -a- to -o- in conoissensa, the translation of Vg. cognatione, BnF, Lat. 342 (29b9), 343 (48a26/b1) ‘kindred’, a definition not found in PD, s.v. conoisensa ‘connaissance, etc.’; cf. NTP Mar. 6:4 conoysensa. The same word likewise appears in NTL Luk 1:61 and Act 7:3 conoissenza; cf. NTC Act 7:14 conoysença and NTZ conoysencza where NTL has pairetat ‘kindred’.

822. Vg. “virtutem ullam”, with BnF, lat 343 “uirtutem ullam” (48b2-3) and NTC “alcuna vertuç”, but with NTL BnF, lat 342 “uirtutes multas” (29b11), NTP “mantas vertutz”.

823. meraujllauan. Wunderli retains meravillavan; cf. Vg. mirabatur.

824. Ni monedas euostras; cf. Vg. “neque in zona aes”, BnF, lat 342 (29b20), 343 (48b15-16) “neque in zona es”, NTC “ni monea en la centura”. Here, direct speech has been chosen by the translator, running into the next verse.

825. Vg. P6 induerentur and both BnF witnesses; cf. NTC “non fossan vesti”, NTP “que non fossan vestit”.

826. que expuncted before aqui, but retained by Wunderli.

827. issacatz.

828. retz; the only such NTL spelling for ‘king’; cf. the note for Mat 1:6 reig. The pronunciation of reiz ‘king’ (COM2, COM2 CSF 45, 113, 114, 587) in Antoine Thomas’ La Chanson de Sainte Foi d’Agen, is unquestionably [ts], as seen in the rimes asaz / ciutaz (34-35 ff.). Since the pronunciation of -tz would normally be [ts], retz instead of reg or reig requires more study.

829. The second minim of us is damaged in Clédat’s reproduction; Mar 8:28 coma us.

830. Quar el eros; “Quar el [meteis] Eros” reconstructed on Vg. “ipse enim Herodes”, BnF, lat 342 (29c11), 343 (48c17-8); NTP “Quar el meteis”, NTP “Car el meseyme”.

831. sabia hon; [lo] for eum in Vg. “sciens eum virum”; BnF, lat 342 “sciens eum uirum” (29c18-19), 343 (48d3-4).

832. PD, s.v. sautar, has no meaning ‘to dance’.

833. alui; probably a missing straight tilde on a for n, but “a[b] lui” is possible (cf. Mar 6:26).

834. see the note in Mat 1:6 for r[ei]g.

835. pronounced [retʃ]; see note for Mat 1:6.

836. queades dos, where dos < dons, pr. subj. P2 of donar, instead of more usual NTL dones; cf. another case of dos in Luk 7:4.

837. siruentz, possibly as seen in PD, sirven ‘officier de justice’, though ‘executioner’ would be more appropriate; cf. NTC “lo carnacier”. Note Vg. spiculatore ‘executioner’, as written in BnF, lat 342 (29d6), 343 (49a4).

838. Recumptero.

839. Auia.

840. repausauan; Vg. rediebant, BnF, lat 342 (49a20), 343 (29d17); NTP retornavan, NTC “s’en retornavan" (Nüesch (1979) “s’enretornavan”). Wunderli retains repausavan.

841. pujatz; Vg. ascendentes, NTP pujant, NTC montant. Wunderli: pujatz.

842. eco/regrola: initial e expuncted; Vg. “concurrerunt illuc”; NTP missing, NTC “ensemp corogron lay”; cf . PD, s.v. encorre ‘venir à la rencontre’.

843. Cf. NTC, NTZ, “l’ora”.

844. cumparauam.

845. Vg. ends at manducare, but there follows in BnF, lat 342 (30a2-5) “Et dixerunt ei. Si euntes emamus denariis ducentis panes et demus eis manducare. Numquid sufficiunt eis.”; 343 (49b19-23) “Et dixerunt ei. Si euntes emamus denariis ducentis panes. et dabimus eis manducare numquid sufficiunt eis?”; cf. NTP “auran en pro?”.

846. e/ leuero delas frah<e>mentas; Vg. “et sustulerunt reliquias fragmentorum”, BnF, lat 343 (49c15-16), and 342 (30a17-18) have the same except for the spelling fracmentorum. Restored [remazilhas] from NTL Rom 11:5 is preferable to Mat 14:20 remasullas (see note), a rare form rejected here as well as Rom 9:27 romazilhas; cf. NTP and NTC remasilhas. Wunderli retains the original text without comment.

847. -n inferred from a surmounted u-shaped wavy line.

848. eissegat; cf. 1 Jo 2:11 eceguero with e- corresponding to en- in NTP ensegat and NTC enceca for Vg. obcaecatum, BnF, lat. 342 obce/catum (30b9/10), and 343 ob/cecatum (49d23/24) meaning ‘blinded, numbed’. PD, which has the verb encegar, -car from Lat. IN + CAECU(S), lacks synonymous eicegar < EXCAECARE; cf. however synonymous eisorbar < *EXORBARE. NTL eissegat shows confusion of -c- and -s- before e, seen also in NTP 1 Jo 2:11 ensegueron versus NTC encequerun; cf. NTL Mat 12:3 seli for celi ‘those persons’ and Apo 15:1 sel for cel ‘heaven’.

849. For vengron.

850. Vg. “in terram Gennesareth”, BnF, lat 342 (30b11) “in terram genesaret”, 343 (49d25/26) “in terram ge/nesareth”.

851. conogon, written with a straight titulus over -o for -n. See the note for conogo in Mat 21:45 and the example of conogon in COM2.

852. onera; on [auziro que] era; Vg., BnF, lat 342 (30b16), 343 (3a6-7) “ubi audiebant eum esse”; cf. NTC “al cal luoc ilh auvian lui esser”. Wunderli quotes the text of Vg., but retains the original reading.

853. plas here and in Luk 10:10, 13:26, 14:21 is the plural of pla < plan < PLANU(M) and must be synonymous with f. sg. and pl. plas(s)as, plaszas in Mat 6:5, 12:19, Act 5:15, and Apo 11:8, 21:21, 22:2 plaza(s) derived from Vg. Lat. *PLATTEA < Cl. Lat. PLATEA, always rendered in NTC plaça(s) ‘a square laid out on a level surface (Fr. place)’; cf. COM2 FLA 4093 “... em pla ni en carriera” ‘on the square and in the street’.

854. E cum uengro; Vg. “et conveniunt” is written in BnF, lat 343 (50a14) as “Et conueniunt”, but in 342 (30b21/22) as “Et 9ueni/unt”. The Occitan translator’s Latin model probably had the reading 9ueniunt with the 9 sign for con- which he misinterpreted as cum ‘when’, the first word in v. 7.2. His translation as “cum uengro” distorts the meaning and mangles the syntactic link with v. 7:2, remedied here by the deletion of cum before vengro; note the NTL choice of simple vengro for Mar 6:30 BnF, lat 342 (29d12/13) “Et 9ue/nientes” and 343 (49a13) “Et conuenientes”. Wunderli: Et cum vengro”.

855. souedeirement.

856. sonbateiat.

857. deca/lice, Vg. pl. calicum. Wunderli: calice.

858. Wunderli: “de ram” (without comment).

859. naujusta, with justa. Vg. iuxta is translated in the Douay version as ‘according to’, ‘according as’, and ‘after’; cf. among the more common translations of Lat. iuxta / juxta the meanings ‘according to’ and ‘immediately after’. Elsewhere the Douay translates iuxta with those two meanings by NTL lonc (Act 3:22, 22:3) and segon (2 Pe 3:3, Rom 16:25, 2 Co 4:1, Heb 5:10, 9:9, 11:13).

860. eua/melocolo.

861. fait.

862. Understand “entrec de la cumpanha e la maiso” ‘from the crowd into the house’; cf. Vg. “introisset in domum a turba”.

863. edeforas eiss, a euphemism for Vg. “et in secessum exit” ‘and into a privy exits’ translated in Mat 15:17 as “et es mes en departiment”.

864. PD, s.v. purgar ‘purger’, does not give porgar, found in Breviari d’amor (BRV, l. 5520), “ab porgar o ab sancnia” ‘with purging and blood letting’; cf. NTP and NTC purgant.

865. Quar dinz; Vg. “ab intus enim”.; cf. NTC “de dinç” and NTZ “dedincz”. Wunderli: “dinz”.

866. pl. homes agrees with Vg. and BnF, lat 342 (30d14) pl. hominum versus 343 (50d13) hominis.

867. auoteris; PD has only the root avout-, the most common form, but NTL has avot- four other times (Mat 5:27, 28, 32, Jam 2:11); cf. NTC Mar 7:21 avoteri.

868. escarni ‘blasphemy’, not in PD, s.v. escarn, translates Vg. blasphemia, which is rendered three other times as esquern; note initial v- before u in vul, an alternate spelling of Mat 12:7 vulh < ulh < olh < OCULU(M), not in PD, s.v. vuelh or olh ‘eye’, also with v- Mar 8:18 Vuls. The order of the sins enumerated is identical in NTL and NTP Mar 7:21-22, with the exception of the last one: cf. NTP 21. “malas cogitacions, aulteri, fornicacions, omicidi, [22.] laironici, avaricia esquerns, erguels, follias, nequicias, engans, orreesas, maldig” in which maldig ‘curse, malediction’ is somewhat akin to NTL “mals vuls” ‘evil eyes’ in that the aim of both is to to anathematize. Of the several Latin words translated by maldig in NTP, there can be no doubt that ‘curse’ is one of them: cf. Gal 3:13 “Crist. nos re|semet [f. 138d] el maldig de la ley, fatz maldig per nos (car escrig es lo maldig lo cals pendia el fust)”. Douay 13 “Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us (for it is written: Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree)”. NTC, unlike NTL, follows the Vulgate: “21. Car de dinç del cor de li ome eyson malas cogitacions, avoteri, fornigacion, homecidi, [22.] furt, avaricias, felonias, engan, non-castita, mal olh, blastemas, superbia, mateça”. Neither of the two control Latin texts (BnF) follows the NTL order, but one follows the Vulgate order: BnF, lat 343 (50d12-19) “[21.] ab intus autem de corde hominis cogitationes male procedunt. Adulteria. fornicationes. homicidia [22.] furta. avaricia. nequicie dolus. inpudicicia occulus malus. blasphemia. superbia. Stulticia”. BnF, lat 342 (30d13-18) does not: “21. ab intus enim de corde hominum male cogitationes procedunt. Adulteria. fornicationes. homicidia. [22.] Furta. Avaricia. <nequicie. dolus. inpudicicia.> blasphemia. Superbia. stulticia. Oculus malus”. The words in angle brackets were first omitted and then inserted in the bottom margin of column c; note misplaced “oculus malus”.

869. malas/ Dinz. Wunderli: “malas dinz”.

870. desur edesagetz; Sagetz also in Luk 6:17 with variations in Mar 7:13 Saget, Luk 10:13 Sageth, 10:14 Sageths, Act 12:20, 21 Sayet.

871. filsa; cf. fila (v. 29) for filla (v. 26) or filha, the latter spelling not found in Matthew or Mark.

872. Quar la femna/ era deplagas; cf. NTC “Car la femena era gentil” for Vg. “erat autem mulier gentilis”. Wunderli retains plagas, which he considers to be a variant of pagan (vol. 2, p. 220).

873. sic: tochec has intervocalic -ch- presumably pronounced [k] as is the -qu- in Mar 1:41 toquec. It must be noted that whereas no forms of tocar in the Carpentras Waldensian N.T. have -ch-, instances of -ch- for -qu- appear in that manuscript in Act 25:8 “yo non pechey” (cf. Mat 27:4 “Yo pequei”), in Heb 11:30 trabucheron (cf. Mar 5:13 trabuque), and in 1 Ti 3:12 Li diache (cf. Php 1:1 li diaque).

874. PD has only adubrir ‘ouvrir’; cf. Mat 13:35 adubrirei, Act 16:14 aduberc, Rom 3:13 azubrentz, 2 Co 6:11 azubre, but Luk 2:23 adobrentz, Col 4:3 azobria.

875. Vg. praedicabant.

876. auzir; for the surmounted inverted question mark with the value -ir, see Cappelli 1928, xxxiv ff.

877. added; cf. NTP “et il doneron a las companhas”, Vg. “et adposuerunt turbae”. Wunderli retains the original reading.

878. Cf. Vg. “in partes Dalmanutha”, NTP “en las partz de Manuta”, but NTC “en las parç Dalmamitha”. Wunderli: “las encontradas Dalmanuta”.

879. demandauan, -n inferred from a surmounted u-shaped wavy line.

880. qr with flying superscribed a; Cappelli 1928, pp. xxiv and xxvii r, re, ra, ar, a as the only values, but our scribe seems to treat it also as er.

881. Understand: ‘no sign will be given’. According to NTL and Vg. “si dabitur generationi isti signum”, precisely the reading in BnF, lat 342 (31b20-23) and 343 (51d6-11) “et ingemescens spiritu ait. Quid generatio ista querit signum? Amen dico vobis. si dabitur generationi isti signum”. NTP “non er datz signes ad aquesta generacions” and NTC “ensegna non sare dona a questa generacion” are at variance with those texts.

882. derror; cf. BnF, lat 342 (31b29), 343 (51d19) herodis, and NTP d’Erode, NTC de Herode.

883. que pas/ Nopresem; BnF, lat. 342 (31b30) “non habemus”, 343 (51d21/22) “quar panes non ha/bemus”; NTP Mar “... dizent que non avian pa”, NTC “... diçent: Car non aven pans”.

884. Wunderli: Uuls.

885. We have here and in NTP “e can prezi los .vii. pans”, with the introduction of a verb not in Vg. “quando et septem panes”, nor in BnF, Lat. 342 (31c8-9) “quando et .vii. panes” or 343 (52a9-10) “Quando .vii. panes”, the latter reflected in NTC “Cant set pans”.

886. pregaua. Vg. rogabant. Wunderli keeps pregava.

887. Vg. “extra vicum”; cf. NTP “fora la vila”, NTC “fora del borc”.

888. P1 pr. ind. of vezer is veg with the one exception of Joh 4:19 veig.

889. .de. joan baptista . eli autri delias, with de by the attraction of “dels profeta[s]”; cf. Vg. “Iohannem Baptistam alii Heliam”, NTP “Johan Baptista, li autre Helias”.

890. etesprobar; cf. Vg. “et reprobari”, better translated as NTP “et esser refujatz”, NTC “e esser refuda”. Wunderli: esproar.

891. seguenter, with -er written in full; cf. Mar 8:34.

892. cf. BnF, lat. 342 (31d18) “faciet”, 343 (52c17/18) “fa/ciet eam”, NTP “fara”, NTC “fare”.

893. Cf., as more readily understandable, Mat 16:26 “O quals cambis dara hom per la sua arma?”.

894. cf. BnF, lat 342, 343 (52d2) “angelis sanctis”, NTC “au li sant angel”.

895. so tals ni a daquels: Vg. “sunt quidam”; as Wunderli points out, too, the text translates sunt twice: so and i a.

896. see note for Mar 9:1 for the numbering 8:38.

897. set; our chapter division follows BnF, lat. 342 (31d29) “Et post dies sex”; it is clearly marked here with “IX”, the same chapter division as the Stuttgart Vulgate. Waldensian NTZ chapter 9 begins at our verse Mar 8:39, as does also BnF, lat. 343 (52d3) with “.IX.” before “Et dicebat illis”. Nüesch’s enclosure of “IX” in square brackets before “E diçia a lor” indicates the absence of the chapter number in NTC.

898. PD has only neviera, ‘nappe de neige’.

899. Cf. Vg. “et erant” and NTC, NTZ “e eran”.

900. Wunderli ques. There is abundant evidence for this reflexive construction. See COM2.

901. era. Wunderli retains this form, while noting Vg. erant.

902. resuscitaran. Vg. resurrexerit.

903. Qui; cf. BnF, lat. 342 (32a21), 343 (53a17) “Quid”. Probably a mistaken calque on the Latin, but rendered in NTC and NTZ by “per que”.

904. el: emended following NTC, NTZ al. Wunderli el.

905. sufretz, with -re- in full.

906. Wunderli ques. See note to Mar 9:5.

907. sera. Vg. ero. NTC and NTZ serei. Wunderli retains the P3 form.

908. qualun sera abuos qualun; for “Qua lun”; see notes for Mat 9:15 and Mar 2:19.

909. demaua.

910. auec. Wunderli interprets as anec. NTC and NTZ devenc.

911. mesi; cf. Vg. misit. Wunderli retains mesi.

912. Crezesa.

913. correr with first r indicated by surmounted o on c.

914. Efantz es sicomortz; cf. NTC “e fo fait coma mort”.

915. te with superscript c from which -n- is inferred.

916. etendeiunis, in which sg. dejunis renders Lat. ieiunium ‘fasting’, dejunis being absent in PD.

917. enouolian que || home lisaubes; NTP “e non o volia saber alcu”, and NTC “e non volia alcun saber o” are closer to the Latin “nec volebat quemquam scire”. Wunderli retains “li saubes”.

918. Wunderli takes this sentence as being in indirect speech.

919. daquesta mesura, translating Lat. huiusmodi ‘of such, such a one, such a kind’. With the exception of Mar 7:13 “semblantz d’aquesta” and Act 2:20 “d’aquesta manera”, huiusmodi is translated nine times as “d’aquesta mesura” (Mar 9:36, Joh 8:5, Rom 16:18, 1 Co 5:5, 1 Co 7:28, 2 Co 12:3, Gal 5:23, Gal 6:1, 3 Jo 1:8). NTC and NTZ prefer “d’aquesta maniera”. Note that PD, s.v. mezura, gives the meaning ‘mesure’ as well as ‘sorte, manière’.

920. jouhan, written in full.

921. Vg. “qui enim non est adversum vos pro vobis est”; BnF, lat. 342 (32d4-5), 343 (54a25-26) “Qui enim non est aduersum uos. per uobis est”; cf. NTC “es contra nos es per nos”; NTP “car cel es per nos que non es contra nos”.

922. See note on calit in Mat 10:42.

923. enifern, with the -e- of ifern rewritten over an original r; the only case of ifern written in full. Previously in Matthew (5:22, 29, 20, 11:23, 16:18), the -n of ifern has been noted by a surmounted straight tilde over r, the more common notation that will be seen later in 2 Pe (2:4), and in iferns in Apo (20:13, 14). The straight tilde is placed over -e- in Acts (2:24, 27, 31), reminiscent of its placement over the vowel in car for carn (see both ifern and carn in Apo 2:31); it straddles e and r in Apo 1:18. The straight tilde gives way here to a surmounted inverted question mark over r in Mar (9:44, 46) and Luk (10:15, 12:5, 16:22), a quite unexpected notation for -n since the surmounted inverted question mark typically stands for er or re. The surmounted inverted question mark doubtlessly replaces the straight tilde for -n, since it is hardly believable that a fatigued scribe added in five places a redundant surmounted inverted question mark for -er to ifer instead of the tilde for -n.

924. ifer + a surmounted inverted question mark; see note for Mar 9:42 ifern.

925. qui.

926. ifer + a surmounted inverted question mark; see note for Mar 9:42 ifern.

927. NTL badly translated Vg.”omnis enim igne sallietur” as “trastotz fox sera salatz” is correct in NTP, NTC “tot sare sala de fuoc”; note the omission in all three versions of Vg. “et omnis victima sallietur”, and the addition of “de sal” in NTC, NTZ.

928. qui for quin ‘what’, for Lat. quid, as below Mar 10,36; cf. NTC “cal cosa”. For the form, see Skårup 1997, p. 39, 2.1.1.3. Wunderli emends to que.

929. carns; retained by Wunderli.

930. so parca. Wunderli rightly emends to soparta. Vg. gives separet. NTC and NTZ read departa. The form soparca may be influenced by P 3 pres. subj. parca, from parcer. Cf. Skårup 1997, p. 89, 3.3.1.2, and PD parcer, parcir, ‘écarter’. For a comparison of the two forms, see COM, LCOA 87 020-021, given as se parta and parcha.

931. etamaire.etoproisme coma tume/zeis; not in Vg. or BnF, lat. 342, 343. Omitted [amaras] reflects diliges in Vg. Mat 19:19 “honora patrem et matrem et diliges proximum tuum sicut te ipsum”, the source of this addition. Wunderli does not include the omitted form.

932. mannetias; a tilde misplaced on a instead of e.

933. Ta < TAM; Grafström (1958), § 76, 3, b, p. 222 finds adv. ta in the area of Foix; see 10:24 for NTL’s only other occurrence of adv. ta, not recorded in PD.

934. ta; see note for Ta in Mar 10:23.

935. intrar.

936. intrar.

937. Vg. “aut matrem aut patrem aut filios”; BnF, lat. 342 (33c6-7) and 343 (55c14-15) “aut patrem. aut matrem. aut uxorem. aut filios”, with the addition of “la moler”, which is missing in NTC.

938. e/ serorrs.epaire.emaire.efils; cf. BnF, lat. 342 (33c8-12) and BnF, lat. 343 (55c17-23) “et sorores. et matres. et filios”, with no mention of sg. or pl. pater, but with pl. matres.

939. BnF, lat. 342 (55c11-12) “et in seculo futuro: uitam eternam”, and 343 (55c-22-23) “in hoc seculo. et in futuro uitam eternam”; cf. NTC “e al segle avenador vita eterna”.

940. Vg. “et sequentes” ‘and following’; cf. NTC “e seguent”, words omitted in NTP.

941. An unusual translation of ecce in Vg. “quia ecce ascendimus in Hierosolyma”; cf. expected “ve vos” in NTP “Ve vos que pujam en Jerusalem”; NTC “Car ve vos nos monten en Ierusalem”.

942. escu/pir; cf. Vg. “et conspuent”, NTP “et escupiran lo”, NTC “e scuriren lui”. Wunderli retains escupir, noting that it is a form of haplology (under the influence of tmesis).

943. Qui for quin, as in Mar 10:3 (see note). Wunderli emends to que.

944. destre; cf. Mar 10:40 “a la mia destra”.

945. segam, in full; Anglade (1921, p. 345), s.v. sezer, seire, sezir, hesitatingly hypothesizes pres. subj. seza. NTL root seg- also appears in pr. subj. P6 sego in Mat 20:21 “Digas que aquesti mei .ii. fil sego” (Vg. “dic ut sedeant hii duo filii mei”). Those two occurrences plus solid documention in DVBC, s.v. seure (old seer and siure) of the Catalan pr. subj. root seg- (cf. “E seguem-nos en un pedriç”, Pere IV, Cròn. 148), verifies the validity of P3 pr. subj. segam. Moreover, we find in an area adjacent to Foix, in Roussillon, the Catalan root seg- (pret. segren): cf. Vides (vol. 3., p. 129, 152v2) “e vesec gran multitut de demonis qui segren en la taula en forma d’omes”. P3 pr. subj. sedeat of Lat. SĔDĒRE becomes NTL 2 Th 2:4 seja; the continuation of Vg. Luk 22:30 P5 pr. subj. sedeatis is unknown, having been on a lost folio.

946. See note on calit in Mat 10:42.

947. Wunderli omits e.

948. anpodre, with -re written in full, doubless a bad copy of pod + the surmounted inverted question mark for -er.

949. si/ruetz.

950. queel seruiz edar; instead of writing pr. subj. “el servis[ca] e d[es]”, the translator has shifted from the preceding subjunctive (“que fos servi”) to the indicative if we understand serviz to be P3 pr. ind. servis; cf. Joh 12:26 P3 pr. ind. serviss. In any event, his inf. dar, retained by Wunderli, cannot stand.

951. Cf. Vg. proficiscente. Wunderli retains issetz.

952. Wunderli “fils Timei”. [de] added following NTC and NTZ.

953. issetz … lofils ti meibartimeus (cf. Vg. “filius Timei Bartimeus”) “… loc … memdigantz”.

954. fil de dauid, with abbreviated dd with a diagonal stroke through the ascenders; cf. in full Mar 10:48 daui; note the order of NTL “Fil de David, Jesu” in agreement with Vg. “Fili David Iesu miserere mei” and Mar 10:47 BnF, lat. 342 (33d25-26) and 343 (56b11-12) “ihesu fili dauid miserere mei”, as opposed to NTC “O Yesu, Filh de David”.

955. fil dedaui ihes/u; the name of Jesus, seen in the previous verse, does not appear in the Vulgate, in BnF, lat. 342 (33d28-29), 343 (56b15-16) or NTC.

956. Qui for Quin, as in Mar 10:3 (see note). Wunderli: Que.

957. appi[n]quarent iheroso/limam, with the city name in full for customary NTL iherusalem; cf. BnF, lat. 342 (34a7-8), 343 (53c5) “ihrosolime” for Vg. “Hierosolymae” and NTC “Ierusalem”.

958. missing adv. la ‘there’ for Vg. illuc, restored: cf. BnF, lat. 342 (34a11), 343 (56c11) illuc, Occ. Mar 6:33 la for illuc, and NTC intrant lai. Wunderli retains original reading.

959. enclitic pronoun not in Vg. or NTC; cf. however BnF, lat. 342 (34a14) mihi, which is inserted interlinearly by the scribe in 343 (56c15)

960. Clearly singular; cf. Vg. “dimittet huc”, NTC “laisare lui viaçament”. NTZ “laysaren [for laysare·n] viaczament”. Wunderli interprets the verb as plural.

961. desli/atz.

962. Ecome/nero, with syntactically awkward co for Lat. cum not found in the Latin texts consulted. Wunderli comenero.

963. Eliautri autri with the first autri expunged.

964. an/an denant, with -au- lost when going to the new line; cf. Vg. imperf. praeibant.

965. The translator perhaps found a gloss giving ‘save us now’ for Hosanna, addressed to a coming saviour, given here and in Mat 11:10 as Salvaire. Understand: “Blessed Saviour, thou who comest”, differing from Vg. “osanna benedictus qui venit in nomine Domini”, ‘Hosanna: Blessed is he that cometh’: cf. “qui uenit” in BnF, lat. 342 (34a29-30), 343 (56d12-13) “qui uenit in nomine domini”, with domini instead of dei as in the Vulgate. For ves ‘cometh’, see the note on Mat 3:14 ves.

966. see note on Salvaire at Mat 11:9.

967. figure, a bad resolution in model of figu + diacritic, which can abbreviate both -re and -er.

968. adegu/naisel.

969. -crig lost at end of the line. Thus structured, following other examples in NTL. Wunderli renders as “es[criut]”.

970. dorazo, with orazo written in full as are 6 other instances of orazo(s) in Mar. 11.25, 12.40; Luk. 6.12, 19.46, 20.47; Jam. 5.17.

971. ecum.

972. “Quippe” ‘verament’ and “(et) erit ei quidcumque pecierit” ‘[e sera] a lui ço que requera’ are not in the Stuttgart Vulgate or BnF, lat. 343 (57b10-16). They are, however, in BnF, lat. 342 (34c2-7): “Amen quippe dico uobis: quia quicumque dixerit. huic monti tolle te. et mitte te in mare. et non esitauerit in corde suo. sed crediderit: quia quodcumque dixerit fiet. et erit ei quidcumque pecierit [= petierit]”. Although NTC has “verament”, it has the ending “lo sare fait a lui” (Vg. fiet ei) rather than NTL “ço que requera”.

973. esera auos; cf. BnF, lat. 342 (34c9-10) “et erit uobis” instead of Vg. “et veniet vobis”, BnF, lat. 343 (57b19-20) “et uenient uobis” and NTC “e venre a vos”.

974. ecomes/tatz, with embedded com, one of two translations of Vg. cum written in full as com, the other in 1 Co 12:2.

975. uengada.

976. temple + a badly written terminal letter which could be a long s or an r.

977. Ink splatter over fa-.

978. See the note for frug at Mar 4:7.

979. Lopre liqual.

980. volgant ‘empty’, for Vg. vacuum; cf. synonymous Luk 20:10 volcant, for Vg. inanem ‘empty’, the latter translated in Luk 20:11 as va, i.e. va(n). To date we have found no other instance of volgar ‘to empty’ or volgant meaning ‘empty’; cf. NTC voit.

981. Reading unclear: could be m or ni. The latter makes most sense. Wunderli interprets un.

982. mou.

983. eretantz.

984. coutiuado + a surmounted inverted question mark over final -o for -r.

985. cf. Luk 11:36 pl. alsquantz and Luk 9:7 alscantz with an internal plural marker -s- seen also in COM2 LAB 956 alscus, 4288T.1 alscunas, and JGS 25.001 Alscuns.

986. uenia E/ dizia; the clause “la via ... essenhantz” is misplaced with regard to Vg., BnF, lat. 342 (35a1-2), 343 (58a23-b5) and NTC, which place it at the end of the first sentence.

987. a poor translation of Vg. versutiam, meaning ‘cunning, craftiness’, as in NTC engan. Vg. vitium (vitii) is translated in Gal 5:24 as vecis, which may well be a misspelling of vice; PD records only learned vici in the sense of ‘vice’; cf. NTP Gal 5:24 vizis and COM2, BRV 33873, 34539 vizi ‘vice’.

988. Apparently, quei, which leads Wunderli also to read “que i”. Vg. “ut videam”, NTC, NTZ “que yo vea”, leave the problem unresolved.

989. e[s]ardu/ceu, with the top of long s missing; spelling with -r- retained because of Luk 20:27 Sarduzeus. The addition of scribes (escriva) and conj. e linking them with the Sadducees is not found in the Vulgate, BnF, lat. 342 (35a15-17) “Et uenerunt ad eum saducei qui di/cunt resurrecionem non esse. et interrogabant eum dicentes” or 343 (58b16); cf. NTC “E li sadusio, li cal dion non esser ressuresion, vengron e demandavan lui, dicent”.

990. See note for this spelling in Mat 22:23.

991. diziann.

992. escrig; for emended pret. escrius instead of escris, see note at Luk 1:63.

993. Per aisso erratz nosabetz; cf. NTC “Non emperço erra non sabent”, BnF, lat. 343 (58c16-17) “... Nonne ideo erratis non scientes ...”, 342 (35b2) “... Nonne ideo erratis neque scientes ...”. The structure of this sentence clearly requires the addition of negatives, and the formation of a present particple. Wunderli retains the original wording.

994. Besides gavarr, NTL has Luk 20:37 gavar, and Act 7:30, 35 gavarer rendering forms of Vg. rubus ‘bramble bush, dog-rose’; cf. also Luk 6:44 rometz, PD ‘ronce’ from Vg. rubus. Wunderli prefers the latter form, gavarer. A feminine form of gavarer is found in DCVB, s.v. gavarrera, defined as a rosaceous plant of the genus Rubus, the Rosa canina ‘dog-rose’, and localized in the Pyrénées Orientales among other areas; cf. a medieval masculine counterpart in PD, s.v. gavarrier, ‘ronce, buisson’ with no other forms cited. These words, doubtless of pre-Romance origin, are related to Basque gaparra ‘touffe de ronces’ ‘clump of brambles, of blackberry bushes’; cf. DCVB antiquated Cat. gavarrer and modern gavarrera (a thorny Rosa canina plant of the Rosaceae family).

995. inquiens ‘saying’ in Vg., BnF, lat. 342 (35b8/9), 343 (58c26) has been expanded as “enaissi Deus o dix”; cf. NTC diçent.

996. Abrahan.

997. dels, Vg. Deus lost in a jump from de to de.

998. demandauan.

999. eihesus with unnecessarily expunged -s.

1000. Comma, missing in Wunderli, is required here.

1001. Note the reversal here of the last two requirements with respect to Vg., BnF, lat. 342 (35b20-21), 343 (58d16-18) “et ex tota mente tua. et ex tota uirtute tua”, NTP “de tota ta pensa e de tota ta vertut”, NTC “e de tota la toa pensa e de tota la toa vertuç”.

1002. Semblatz.

1003. Vg. “quia unus est”, BnF, lat. 342 (35b26/27) “quia unus/ deus” (without est), but 343 (58d26-59a1) “quia|| unus est deus”, NTC “lo es un Dio”; NTP missing verse.

1004. tarma.

1005. Mager detotz olocaustz sacr-fizis; cf. Vg., BnF, lat. 342 (35b31-35c1), 343 (59a7-9) “maius est omnibus (h)olocaustomatibus et sacrificiis”; cf. NTC “es maior de tot holocaust e sacrificis”.

1006. despondia.

1007. d/izio; Vg. P6 pr. ind. dicunt. Wunderli retains dizio.

1008. Saludey, retained by Wunderli, but read -x for -tz, as in Mat 8:17 malavex and Mat 8:25 guirex.

1009. sezers ‘principal reclining places’; pl. substantivized inf. sezer also in Luk 20:46 “primers sezers e·ls manjars”.

1010. Wunderli: meszi.

1011. aueret ‘little money’; not in PD, but diminutive of noun aver translating Vg. penuria.

1012. [tot so viure] reconstructed on Luk 21:4 “omnem victum suum”, rendered “tot so viure ...”; cf. Vg., BnF, lat. 342 (35d2), 343 (59c3-4) “totum uictum suum”, NTC “tot lo sio viore”. Wunderli ends the sentence with “trastot so que ac”.

1013. Vg. does not mention “of the temple”, but “+ templi” is cited in the apparatus in codex Z = Harleianus, P = Split, Bibl. Capituli sine num. and is found also in BnF, lat. 342 (35d6), 343 (59c9) templi; though not in NTC, NTP has “son en aquest temple”.

1014. emonten; cf. Vg. “in montem”: as elsewhere, traces of a Latin version at the beginning of chapters.

1015. a eandreus.

1016. quins signes er: Vg. “quod signum erit”. Strangely, Wunderli interprets quins as “qui·ns”. “Di a nos” occurs earlier in the sentences, but there is no reference to nos here.

1017. Note the absence of Christ following “ego sum” here and in Vg., but in BnF, lat. 342 (36a27), 343 (59c26) “quia ego sum. xristus.”, and NTC “Car yo soy Christ”, and, as an indirect statement, NTP “diran que son Crist”.

1018. levar-s’-an: the form, here and elsewhere, follows the practice in COM of marking tmesis in fut. and cond. tense forms.

1019. preboides, not found in PD s.v. prebosde, -bost, per-, pro- ‘prévôts’, occurs only here and in Luk 21:12 for Vg. praesides; cf. COM2 CCA at str. 179 014, preboide, also showing the change of [s] to yod. See Luk 20:46 “primers sezers”, with a surmounted inverted question mark for -er- in primers where the resolution *primres is impossible.

1020. vos menaran liura[ntz]: Vg. “duxerint vos tradentes” and NTC “vos auren amena liorant”, which both indicate the preferred form. Wunderli: “liura[r]”.

1021. fu/giran; cf. the hortatory subjunctive verbs in BnF, lat. 342 (36a14), 343 (60a10) fugiant with Vg. and NTC fugian. These and the verbs deissendra, intrara, tornara in vv. 15-16 are translated in the future tense indicating a command.

1022. comensamen at the end of the line; -men instead of -ment is uncharacteristic of the NTL dialect.

1023. The verb in Vg. BnF, lat. 342 (36a23), 343 (a22-23) “quam condidit Deus” and NTC “la cal Dio fey” is omitted.

1024. Vg. pret. breviavit and NTC abrevie, but BnF, lat. 342 (36a26), 343 (60b1) fut. breuiabit with NTL and NTP abreujara.

1025. desus de/ la terra, an adaptation of Vg. “a summo terrae”, BnF, lat. 342 (36b11) “a sommo terre”, 343 (60a23-24) “a ssummo terrae”; cf. the NTC adaptation “de l’estremeta de la terra”.

1026. gneraci/os.

1027. edqquela, with a written above expunged q.

1028. NTC order, “sera, matin, meça-noit, cant del gal” is at odds with NTL and the Latin texts consulted.

1029. lauzcizesso.

1030. gabs, subj. case of gab; cf. PD, s.v. gap ‘bruit’ and NTC rumor.

1031. bos/tia dela bastre enguent despig denar/di, meaning ‘an alabaster box of unguent of spikenard’; note “alabastrum unguenti” rendered in Luk 7:37 as “una bostia d’onjentz” ‘a box of ointments’ and in Mat 26:7 as “vaissel d’enguent” ‘a vessel of unguent’. The form nardi here and in Joh 12:3 is documented in old Catalan in DCVB, s.v. nardi, taking its form from the genitive of nardus; cf. NTC Mar 14:3, Joh 12:3 nart < NARDUM, also in COM2 HER p. 134 “lo nart de Franssa”. PD does not register nardi, nart nor labastre. NTP has both Mar 14:3 nardi and Joh 12:3 nart.

1032. Neither NTL “e scampec sobre·l cap de lui” nor NTC “e scampe sobre lo cap de lui” have the pronoun referring to the ointment; cf. NTP “et escampet lo sobre lo cap”.

1033. Vg. “Quod habuit haec fecit”; cf. NTC “Aquesta fey ço qu’ilh ac”, NTZ “Ilh a fait czo qu’ilh a pogu”.

1034. Calque on Vg. praevenit ‘(she) is come beforehand’.

1035. remenbran/sa.

1036. aver; not aur, as read by Wunderli. Cf. Vg. pecuniam, NTC, NTZ pecunia.

1037. querian. BnF, lat. 342 (36d5) querebant, but 343 (61a24) querebat agreeing with Vg. sg. quaerebat, referring to Judas.

1038. Wunderli apparelem, but, clearly, aparelem.

1039. PD gives only solier ‘upper room’.

1040. metra.; emended to trazira, with -z- given 12 forms of the verb trazir and two instances of the noun trazidors versus 4 forms of traïr, and 1 instance of the noun traïtor (not in PD, s.v. trachor). For the future tense, cf. Vg. tradet and NTC, NTZ liorare.

1041. home: e expuncted.

1042. pers, written in full at the end of the line; cf. Act 23:26 p[re]bost.